b'Literature MYTHOLOGY & FOLKLORE 11Critical Survey of Mythology & Folklore:NEW!Legendary CreaturesSpring 2025 CRITICAL SURVEY OF MYTHOLOGY AND FOLKLOREThird EditionThe newest title in the popular Mythology & Folklore series profiles notableLegendary mythological creatures throughout the world. The fabled beasts of every cultureLegendaryLITERATUREprovide a window into human-animal relationships and into humanitys changingCreatures relationship with the natural world. Although these beings were often called byCreatures different names in various cultures, similarities in appearance, personality, and significance emerge around the globe. These creatures continue to fascinate scholars and are very much a part of literature, art, and culture into modern times. As human society has evolved, the portrayal of legendary creatures has evolved along with it. Whether these beasts serve as threat orMYTHOLOGY & FOLKLOREprotector, or sometimes a little of both, they continue to play a role in our understanding of the world. Algonquin wendigo feature as villains in video games, and the man-eating manticore of ancient Persian myth, who famously left no trace of its prey, is still on the hunt in modern graphic novels. Japanese mythological beings played largely in explanations of natural disasters in ancient times, and they still dominate in todays anime and manga. Even the Jersey Devil still haunts the southern geographies of New Jerseys Pine Barrens and has become a revered symbol for the state.Legendary creatures covered in this volume include: Anansi, a famous trickster in African folklore, is most commonly depicted as a spider and is associated with power, trickery, and wisdom. Anansi is known forFREE deceiving others to gain what he wants, but his guile is also designed to teach life Online AccessNEW!FREElessons. The Native American Skinwalker is regarded as the most dangerous type of witch, and it can shift its shape to appear as an animal, or even possess an animal. Some Sample Pages from Critical Survey ofeven believe that skinwalkers can assume the face of other people. Mythology & Folklore: Creation Myths (pg. 13) Jinn, also spelled djinn, are mysterious beings in Arabic mythology. While most commonly thought of as a type of wish-granting genie in Western culture, in Arabic MythsandStories|249folklore jinn can be good or evil. In the Islamic world, many believe they are the powerthan form, he a andhiscom- Strong,AnimalsSarah.andTheAnimalMostPowerReveredin 1 ofFoxes:KnowledgeYukar.ofaccepthishumanbenevolentworship.counterpart, anAinuKamuipanionIn combination AsianEthnology68,no.(2009):27-54.of itsmaterial materialtheadaptedfolktalefromis JapaneseAinu transcribedandcause of mental illness in humans. folklore.Foxes of figureprominentlyinJapanese a folktales, \x1f InthePalaceoftheSeaGodandareinwhichYettheyuse canshiftskullsshapesforpointing distinguishedby Author:Traditionalcolor. fox worshipis uniqueAinufeature.Theinfluencearethehorse mostsignificantly TimePeriod:501CE-1000CEstoryelementsatJapanese archaeologicalevidence andthericeamong CountryorCulture:Japanbeer.Thereisno forhorses Alleged sightings of Americas Mothman continue to be reported. This winged being theAinuofHokkaidobeforecontactandtrading . began Genre:Folktale/MythwiththeJapaneseafterthethirteenthcenturyCEHorsesby PLOTSUMMARYdisappearedfromandSatsumonthus culturetraveledinnorthernJapan Hoderiandhis Hoori,aregreat-grand-Thehorseintowhich foxchanges the youngersunbrother,became famous in the 1960s after making hundreds of appearances in Point Pleasant, thetenthcentury it the never in toHokkaido. sons goddess,Amaterasu.Theyex-mightbeinspired tradewith folktalemem- celinoftwothedifferentJapaneseactivities:an Hoderiishunter.Oneday,ory.Morelikely, byisatheremoteresultSatsumonof collective fisherman, outstanding anexcellenttheJapa- thetwo whiledecideHoori toswitchtheiroccupations.West Virginia, culminating in the creatures alleged involvement in the collapse of the nese.Japanesericebeer,oftenknownassake,was to Hoderi brothers before losessbowandbrewedonHokkaidobefore1868.Somesakemaynothave arrow. failsatcannot hisHoori huntingcatchandanyreturnsfish,hisbutbrotherhebeenbroughttotheislandbyJapanesetradersprior brotherstomagicacceptfishhookany heorcanthereturnoffer it.Hoderi-towns Silver Bridge, which resulted in forty-six deaths. thatdate. to addition.thisBystorythe elementIshanashteappearstoldtobea refuses fishhooks, the replacement Hoori. a ofmultimorerecentHowever, time the plenew whichgrievesfolktale Chamberlain,sakewasbrewedwidelyon Hoorigoesto seashoreandtells friendlyoldHokkaido.Ittale reasonable a tosuggestthatthetwo his Shiko-tsutsuoldnomanOji,about | hisHooriwitha fromseems man, 250 The estrangement promiseFarEastfoxesofthe wereofgiventhe fondnessapologyforricebeerto to brother.repairThethe reassures makesabasket Classical Greek mythology relates the legend of the Minotaur, a creature with the easetheiracceptance mans R. fortricking for help From situation.Shiko-tsutsu climbsoutthesetwotricksters. C.Lutz,PhD Hoori hasandreachedlowersanhimunderwaterintothesea. withoncehe beachHooriadornedoftheseaweed. reststhere,outsideHoorithereachespalacetheatapalace inthebody of a human and the head of a bull. The result of a cursed union between a FURTHERREADING and1901.TheirFolk-lore.London: SeaGod.He God,invites young intothe well Herfa-ReligiousJohn.TractTheSociety,Ainu spotshim cassiaandtree.tellsA parents palaceandlis-Batchelor, shadeofathere her woman,aboutToyo-tama,him.ther,theSea HooriCasal,AnimalsU.A.TheGoblin,AsianFoxFolkloreandBadgerStudiesandOther(1959):Witch andHoderis isfoundinthemouthof taifish.human queen and a bull sent by the gods, the human-devouring minotaur was 1-94. ofJapan. HowaManGotthe 18 ofTwo tenstohisstory.fishhookTheSeaGodsummonsallthefishes, a liv-Chamberlain,BasilHall. Better HoorimarriesToyo-tama,butafterthree ofFoxes.InAinoFolk-tales,10-12.1888.London: ingunderthesea,hebecomeshomesick.TheyearsSeaGodimprisoned in a vast maze known as the labyrinth by King Menos of Crete, until the Ota, Folk-LoreSociety,2006. Routledge,Portrait2011.of P. a Bedrick gives it Hoorithefishhookandadviseshimonhowto tore-Yuzo.BasilHall York: NewYork: turn toHoderi,alsogivinghimtwojewelsonetofighthisJapanologist.NewChamberlain: raiseandonetolowerthetidewithwhichPiggot,Books,Juliet.JapaneseMythology. brothershouldhehaveto.leave,Greek hero Theseus solved the riddle of the labyrinth and killed the creature. Siddle, 1983. William In toIndigenousRights: is AsHoori birthtototheir on his a wiferevealsthatsheRichard. abouttogiveprepares child.ShetellsHoorithatAinuResistanceFromsinceAssimilation1869. shewill stormydayandasksPeople,edited Washington, Ainu:andSpirit aO.Northern himHoori comehertoathehutseashoretogivebirthin. whoapolo-Fitzhugh Chisatoof tobuildDubreuil,108-15.by DC:NaturalMuseumof returnshomeandfindsHoderi, According to Greek mythology, Sirens were beautiful creatures with the face and NaturalHistory,1999. gizesforhishostilebehavior.Hooriforgiveshim. upper body of a woman and the wings and lower body of a bird. Legend states thattheir voices were so beautiful that their songs mesmerized sailors and caused them Theseasonofsummer a the tale. undercourtesythesea;ofUrashima abridgewiththequeenOtohime.JapanesehandscrolloremakimonoofJapanesein folkkingdom TheBodleianwalkingLibrary,on Oxford,viaWikimediaCommons.ImageShokiwithOnherastormyday, comes togetherboy ship Nihongiprince)composedToneri underthegeneraleditor-sister.Toyo-tama givesashorebirth of(orJapaneseto leap from their boats and into the sea. Although the term siren is used inthehut younger built Toyo-tama theform toofa a morevariantsofthestory. in720CEincludesandHoorireturninghas to beforetaking theirson In1912, Davispublished252|TheFarEast dragon he theocean.When ofthe F.inHadland MythsandhisLegendsEnglishoftextreaches marrieshisaunt,Toyo-tamas George folktalebaseds hisanthology themainly whichyoungeradulthood,interchangeably with the term mermaid, mermaids have the lower body of a fish, rectorderofspeaking.Theyprocreateandbegintofill gives is the sister,andtheyhavefour ofthefour Japan.Davis hisrendition Nihongion, WilliamDavisKamu-Yamato-Iwate-Biko,whosons.becomesOne Jimmu Aston translationofbirthTennto f,thefirstofemperor Japan. acknowledges Davisshand,themultipletheworldwithmoreislandsandmorekami,aswellasa diesWhenIzanamiDistraught,Izanagi kami E fire, into Japanesestoriesasaresource.formedIn intoonestreamlinedversionsheofinchildbirth. followsher thatcontainsmosteventsfromtheoriginalversions.himhetheistoo as dead.hasThisSIzanamieaten IFIgreets collectionis bandnottowatch soIGNfolktaleCANisCbasedhimfoodbutontellsofnot a bird. The desire to refer to sirens as mermaids may stem from their connection humanchild. Yomi, the landlate,ofthe she alreadythe not . to traditionalmaterialcollectedin , OnekeyomissionisToyo-tamaswarningtoherhus-Yomi, but landofthedead.twoSheJapaneseimploreshe in classics.Thelookoldest by theemKojiki- the knowingthatwhilehergivingasshebirth,givesshebirth.willShereturndoestoherather, fora Izanagidisobeys.composedWhen seehis hima CE writer no Japanese truedragon,serpent,orcrocodileform(dependingon712 partCommissioned recordedcomb view,heis presstoGemmei,lights courts ofhis Yasumaro theversion thetale).When herandtold state, of rottingb containto sailors and the sea. corpse.Enragedat horrifiedstories such28a a to wife bythemythologyexperttheHiedaoldestnowrittenAre. seesherthus,of Toyo-tamafeelsHooriforceddisobeystoleaveoutofbeingseenin to him IzanamiSections ugly KojikiturnsonIzanagiandsendseight in about 44 femalesHoderiandHoori.TheNihonmaterialferocious, thebrothersafterhim.Theirrelationshipforendsemerging climacticdisputewithIzanami-no-Mikotois humanity. oldestsevereconsequencespresentedandinthetwoLegends from Africa, Mesoamerica, South America, the Near and Far East, the Americas,existing or worksofJapaneseliterature historiography.Workingfrombothoralandwrittensourcesthatnolon-gerexist,JapanesenoblemanOnoYasumarowrotetheKojiki, ce.Hedidthisin Recordtoofa AncientfromMatters,Empressin710Gemmei,Europe, the Pacific and Oceania, India, Egypt, as well as Greek and Roman mythology who responseforatrue request ofJapanshistory.Thishis-asked recordtoryincludes thetextgenealogy theemperorsandnoblefamilieslaterinthe followingof whatisnowconsid-are discussed. Illustrations, maps, and indexes round out this informative collection. tory Around714,withEmpress a under Izanamiforemperors.eredthemythicaleraofspiritslike noMikoto.his-strongerGemmeifocusaskedonthe anotherThisoftaskwasaccomplished theJapan,PrinceToneri,ahalf-brotherofthe leadershipPrinceofempress.Toneri,workingwithOnoofYasumaroasKnown openedwell,This new volume presents introductory sections to the history, cultures, and traditionshisworkwiththecreation the or world. Shoki as theNihongi(JapaneseChronicles) Nihon (Chroni-clesofJapan),thisworkincludedanexpandedversionoftheoflegendmanyofvariantsHallofChamberlaintheIzanami-no-Mikoto,including trans-texts legend.In1882,Englishof several regions, some modern and some historical, as well as individual portraits of JapanologistBasil beforetheinAsiatic presentedhislationoftheKojikihepublishedhistranslation Kobe, Societyinof1919.Japan;InJapan,1977,DonaldPhilippitranslatedtheKojiki The1896,byBritishtranslateddiplomatWilliam in again.inThisthe illustrious beasts that reflect our individual and collective psyche. Nihongiwas the andpublishedGeorgeEnglishAston.workcontains mostandelaborateisusedformastheofsourcetextforIzanami-no-Mikotothisanalysis.Ananalysisgroundedcriticisminnewhistoricism,culturaltheFebruary 2025 | One Volume; 400 Pages | Print ISBN: 979-8-89179-142-8 | Library Price: $195 criticism,andarchetypaland illustrates a how mo- rul-legend inwastranscribed publishedat criticalment theYamato theitstime,ownthenationperiodsoughtoftoJapan.transcribeAtPaintingbyEitakuKobayashi,c.1885,showingIzanamiand ingeliteandofthe itinpartaccordingtotheolderChi-history presentIzanagiconsolidatingthelandwiththespear nesemodelofhistoriography.Thisanalysisdistin-PRINTED IN ImageviaWikimediaCommons.[Publicdomain.]Ama-no-Nuboko. guishestheJapanesefromtheChineseelementsbyFULL COLORGET ONLINE ACCESS(800) 221-1592 WITH YOUR PRINT BUY! www.salempress.com2024-215 Salem 2024 Spring-Fall Catalog-FINAL.indd 11 2024-07-19 4:40PM'