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Great Lives from History: The 20th Century Table of Contents Publisher's Note Contributors Key to Pronunciation Complete List of Contents List of Maps and Sidebars Maps of the Twentieth Century World A Aalto, Alvar Aaron, Henry Abbas, Ferhat Abernathy, Ralph Achebe, Chinua Acheson, Dean Addams, Jane Adenauer, Konrad Adler, Alfred Ailey, Alvin Akalaitis, JoAnne Akhmatova, Anna Akihito Alanbrooke, First Viscount Albright, Madeleine Alfvén, Hannes Ali, Muhammad Allenby, Lord Allende, Salvador Alvarez, Luis W. Ambartsumian, Viktor A. Amin, Idi Amundsen, Roald Anderson, Marian Angelica, Mother Angell, Norman Angelou, Maya Apgar, Virginia Apollinaire, Guillaume Aquino, Corazon Arafat, Yasir Arbus, Diane Arendt, Hannah Arias, Oscar Aristide, Jean-Bertrand Armstrong, Edwin H. Armstrong, Louis Armstrong, Neil Arrhenius, Svante August Arzner, Dorothy Ash, Mary Kay Asquith, H. H. Assad, Hafez al- Astaire, Fred Astor, Nancy Atatürk Attlee, Clement Atwood, Margaret Auden, W. H. Aung San Suu Kyi Aurobindo, Sri Azikiwe, Nnamdi B Baade, Walter Baeck, Leo Bakhtin, Mikhail Balanchine, George Balch, Emily Greene Baldwin, James Baldwin, Stanley Balfour, Arthur Ball, Lucille Ballard, Robert D. Banda, Hastings Kamuzu Banerjea, Surendranath Banting, Frederick G. Bao Dai Barber, Samuel Bardeen, John Barnard, Christiaan Barnes, Djuna Barth, Karl Barthes, Roland Bartók, Béla Baryshnikov, Mikhail Basov, Nikolay Gennadiyevich Bayliss, William Maddock Beard, Charles A. Beatles, The Beauvoir, Simone de Beaverbrook, Lord Beckett, Samuel Begin, Menachem Bell, Jocelyn Bellow, Saul Ben-Gurion, David Benedict, Ruth Benes, Edvard Benét, Stephen Vincent Benjamin, Walter Berg, Alban Bergius, Friedrich Bergman, Ingmar Bergman, Ingrid Bergson, Henri Berlin, Irving Berners-Lee, Tim Bernstein, Eduard Bernstein, Leonard Bethe, Hans Albrecht Bethune, Mary McLeod Bevan, Aneurin Beveridge, Lord Bevin, Ernest Bezos, Jeff Bhumibol Adulyadej Bhutto, Benazir Bhutto, Zulfikar Ali Bin Laden, Osama Bjerknes, Vilhelm Black, Hugo L. Blackmun, Harry Blair, Tony Blériot, Louis Bleuler, Eugen Blok, Aleksandr Blum, Léon Boas, Franz Boccioni, Umberto Bogart, Humphrey Bohr, Niels Böll, Heinrich Bondfield, Margaret Bonhoeffer, Dietrich Bonnard, Pierre Borden, Robert Laird Borg, Björn Borges, Jorge Luis Borlaug, Norman Born, Max Botha, Louis Bothe, Walther Bottomley, Horatio W. Boulanger, Nadia Boulez, Pierre Bourguiba, Habib Bourke-White, Margaret Boutros-Ghali, Boutros Bradley, Omar Nelson Bradman, Donald G. Bragg, Lawrence Brancusi, Constantin Brandeis, Louis D. Brando, Marlon Brandt, Willy Braque, Georges Braudel, Fernand Braun, Wernher von Brecht, Bertolt Brennan, William Breton, André Breuer, Josef Breuil, Henri-Édouard-Prosper Breyer, Stephen G. Brezhnev, Leonid Bridgman, Percy Williams Britten, Benjamin Broglie, Louis de Brooks, Gwendolyn Brown, Helen Gurley Brown, Margaret Tobin Brundtland, Gro Harlem Brunner, Emil Bryan, William Jennings Buber, Martin Buck, Pearl S. Buckley, William F., Jr. Buffett, Warren Bukharin, Nikolay Ivanovich Bülow, Bernhard von Bultmann, Rudolf Bunche, Ralph Buñuel, Luis Burger, Warren E. Burnet, Macfarlane Burroughs, Edgar Rice Bush, George H. W. Butler, Nicholas Murray Butler, R. A. Byrd, Richard C Calder, Alexander Callas, Maria Calles, Plutarco Elías Calmette, Albert Calvin, Melvin Campbell, Kim Camus, Albert Candela, Felix Cannon, Annie Jump Capek, Karel Capone, Al Capote, Truman Cárdenas, Lázaro Cardoso, Fernando Cardozo, Benjamin N. Carlson, Chester F. Carnap, Rudolf Carson, Rachel Carter, Jimmy Cartier-Bresson, Henri Caruso, Enrico Carver, George Washington Casals, Pablo Cassin, René Cassirer, Ernst Castro, Fidel Cather, Willa Catt, Carrie Chapman Ceausescu, Nicolae Cerf, Vinton G. Césaire, Aimé Chadwick, James Chagall, Marc Chamberlain, Neville Chamberlain, Wilt Chanel, Coco Chaplin, Charles Charles, Ray Chen Duxiu Chesterton, G. K. Chiang Kai-shek Chicago, Judy Chisholm, Shirley Chomsky, Noam Chrétien, Jean Christie, Agatha Churchill, Winston Citroën, André-Gustave Claude, Georges Clemenceau, Georges Clinton, Bill Clinton, Hillary Rodham Cobb, Ty Cocteau, Jean Coe, Sebastian Coleman, Bessie Colette Collins, Michael Collins, Norman Coltrane, John Compton, Arthur Holly Conant, James Bryant Conrad, Joseph Constantine, Learie Coolidge, Calvin Copland, Aaron Cosby, Bill Cosgrave, William T. Coubertin, Pierre de Cousteau, Jacques Coward, Noël Crane, Hart Crawford, Cheryl Crick, Francis Croce, Benedetto Cronkite, Walter Crosby, Bing Cruz, Celia Cuéllar, Javier Pérez de Cummings, E. E. Cunningham, Merce Cunningham, Imogen Curie, Pierre and Marie Curtin, John Curzon, George Nathaniel Cushing, Harvey Williams D Dalai Lama, Fourteenth Dalí, Salvador Danilova, Alexandra Danjon, André-Louis Darrow, Clarence Davies, Robertson Davis, Bette Dawidowicz, Lucy S. Day, Dorothy Dayan, Moshe De Valera, Eamon De Gasperi, Alcide De Forest, Lee De Mille, Agnes Debs, Eugene V. Debussy, Claude De Klerk, F. W. Delaunay, Robert Delius, Frederick DeMille, Cecil B. Dempsey, Jack Deng Xiaoping Denis, Maurice Derrida, Jacques Dewey, John Diaghilev, Sergei Diana, Princess of Wales Diefenbaker, John Diels, Otto Paul Hermann Dietrich, Marlene DiMaggio, Joe Dirac, Paul A. M. Disney, Walt Djilas, Milovan Dole, Bob Dole, Elizabeth Domagk, Gerhard Doolittle, Jimmy Douglas, Helen Gahagan Douglas, William O. Dreiser, Theodore Dreyer, Carl Theodor Du Bois, W. E. B. Duarte, José Napoleón Dubcek, Alexander Duchamp, Marcel Dulles, John Foster Duncan, Isadora Dunham, Katherine Durkheim, Émile Duvalier, François Dylan, Bob E Earhart, Amelia Eastman, George Eban, Abba Éboué, Félix Eccles, John Carew Eckener, Hugo Edelman, Marian Wright Eden, Anthony Edward VII Egas Moniz, António Ehrenfels, Christian von Ehrlich, Eugen Ehrlich, Paul Einstein, Albert Einthoven, Willem Eisenhower, Dwight D. Eisenstein, Sergei Elgar, Edward Eliade, Mircea Eliot, T. S. Elizabeth II Ellington, Duke Ellis, Havelock Éluard, Paul Endo, Shusaku Enver Pasa Ephron, Nora Epstein, Jacob Erdrich, Louise Erhard, Ludwig Ernst, Max Erzberger, Matthias Escher, M. C. Eucken, Rudolf Christoph Evatt, Herbert Vere Evert, Chris F Fahd Faisal Faisal I Falla, Manuel de Falwell, Jerry Fanon, Frantz Farouk I Farrakhan, Louis Farrand, Beatrix Jones Faulkner, William Feinstein, Dianne Fellini, Federico Fermi, Enrico Ferrari, Enzo Ferraro, Geraldine Fitzgerald, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ella Fleming, Alexander Flexner, Abraham Florey, Baron Fokine, Michel Fonda, Henry Fonteyn, Margot Ford, Betty Ford, Gerald R. Ford, Henry Forester, C. S. Forster, E. M. Fosse, Bob Francis Ferdinand Franco, Francisco Frank, Anne Frankenthaler, Helen Frankfurter, Felix Franklin, Aretha Franklin, Rosalind Frazer, Sir James George Freud, Sigmund Freyssinet, Eugène Friedan, Betty Friedman, Milton Frisch, Karl von Frisch, Max Frobenius, Leo Fromm, Erich Frost, Robert Fry, Roger Fugard, Athol Fujimori, Alberto Fuller, R. Buckminster Fuller, Loie G Gable, Clark Gagarin, Yuri Galbraith, John Kenneth Gallant, Mavis Gamow, George Gance, Abel Gandhi, Indira Gandhi, Mahatma Garbo, Greta García Lorca, Federico García Márquez, Gabriel Gardner, Erle Stanley Gardner, Isabella Stewart Garland, Judy Garneau, Marc Garnier, Tony Garvey, Marcus Gates, Bill Gaudí, Antonio Gaulle, Charles de Geddes, Norman Bell Gehrig, Lou Gehry, Frank Geiger, Hans Geiger, Rudolf Genet, Jean Gentile, Giovanni George V George VI Gershwin, George Gershwin, Ira Gesell, Arnold Getty, Sir John Paul Giacometti, Alberto Giap, Vo Nguyen Gibson, Althea Gide, André Gillespie, Dizzy Gilman, Charlotte Perkins Gilson, Étienne Giraudoux, Jean Gish, Lillian Glenn, John Godard, Jean-Luc Goddard, Robert H. Gödel, Kurt Goebbels, Joseph Goethels, George Washington Goldman, Emma Goldwyn, Samuel Goodman, Benny Gorbachev, Mikhail Gordimer, Nadine Gore, Al Gorgas, William Crawford Göring, Hermann Gorky, Maxim Gould, Glenn Gould, Stephen Jay Graham, Billy Graham, Katharine Graham, Martha Gramsci, Antonio Grant, Cary Grass, Günter Greene, Graham Greenspan, Alan Gretzky, Wayne Grey, Edward Griffith, Arthur Griffith, D. W. Gris, Juan Gromyko, Andrei Gropius, Walter Guderian, Heinz Guevara, Che Guggenheim, Daniel Guillaume, Charles-Édouard Guo Moruo H H. D. Habash, George Haber, Fritz Habermas, Jürgen Hahn, Otto Haile Selassie I Hale, George Ellery Halide Edib Adivar Hallaren, Mary A. Halsey, William F. Hamer, Fannie Lou Hammarskjöld, Dag Hammerstein, Oscar, II Hamsun, Knut Hand, Learned Handy, W. C. Hansberry, Lorraine Harding, Warren G. Harmsworth, Alfred and Harold Harnack, Adolf von Harriman, William Averell Harris, Barbara Hart, Lorenz Hartmann, Nicolai Hassan II Hatoyama Ichiro Hatta, Mohammad Havel, Václav Hawke, Bob Hawking, Stephen Haya de la Torre, Víctor Raúl Hayek, Friedrich Hayes, Helen Hayslip, Le Ly Hayworth, Rita Hearst, William Randolph Heath, Edward Heidegger, Martin Heinkel, Ernst Heisenberg, Werner Hellman, Lillian Hemingway, Ernest Henie, Sonja Henze, Hans Werner Hepburn, Audrey Hepburn, Katharine Hernandez, Aileen Clarke Herriot, Édouard Hertz, Gustav Herzberg, Gerhard Hess, Harry Hammond Hesse, Hermann Hevesy, George von Heyerdahl, Thor Hilbert, David Hillary, Sir Edmund Himmler, Heinrich Hindemith, Paul Hindenburg, Paul von Hirohito Hiss, Alger Hitchcock, Alfred Hitler, Adolf Ho Chi Minh Hobby, Oveta Culp Hobhouse, Leonard T. Hockney, David Hodgkin, Dorothy Crowfoot Holiday, Billie Holmes, Oliver Wendell, Jr. Honda, Soichiro Hoover, Herbert Hoover, J. Edgar Hope, Bob Hopkins, Harry Hopper, Edward Hopper, Grace Murray Horney, Karen Horowitz, Vladimir Houdini, Harry Hounsfield, Godfrey Newbold Houphouët-Boigny, Félix Houssay, Bernardo Alberto Hoyle, Sir Fred Hu Yaobang Hua Guofeng Hubbard, L. Ron Hubble, Edwin P. Huerta, Dolores Hughes, Charles Evans Hughes, Howard Hughes, Langston Hughes, William Morris Hull, Cordell Humphrey, Hubert H. Hun Sen Hurston, Zora Neale Hussein I Hussein, Saddam Husserl, Edmund Hutchins, Robert M. Huxley, Aldous I Ikeda, Hayato Ionesco, Eugène Ismet Pasa Ives, Charles J Jackson, Jesse Jacob, François Jakobson, Roman Janácek, Leos Janet, Pierre Jaspers, Karl Jiang Zemin Jinnah, Mohammed Ali Jobs, Steve Joffre, Joseph-Jacques-Césaire Joffrey, Robert John XXIII John Paul II John, Augustus Johnson, Lady Bird Johnson, Lyndon B. Joliot, Frédéric, and Irène Joliot-Curie Jones, Bobby Jones, Mother Joplin, Janis Jordan, Barbara Jordan, Michael J. Jorgensen, Christine Joyce, James Juan Carlos I Jung, Carl K Kafka, Franz Kahlo, Frida Kamerlingh Onnes, Heike Kandinsky, Wassily Kapitsa, Pyotr Leonidovich Karajan, Herbert von Kawabata, Yasunari Kazantzakis, Nikos Keaton, Buster Keller, Helen Kelly, Gene Kennedy, John F. Kennedy, Robert F. Kenyatta, Jomo Kerensky, Aleksandr Fyodorovich Kerouac, Jack Kesselring, Albert Keynes, John Maynard Khomeini, Ayatollah Khrushchev, Nikita S. Killy, Jean-Claude Kim Dae-Jung Kim Il-sung Kim Jong-il King, Billie Jean King, Martin Luther, Jr. King, Stephen King, William Lyon Mackenzie Kinsey, Alfred Kirchner, Ernst Ludwig Kirkpatrick, Jeane Kissinger, Henry Kitchener, Lord Klee, Paul Klimt, Gustav Kohl, Helmut Kokoschka, Oskar Kollwitz, Käthe Korolev, Sergei Krasner, Lee Krebs, Sir Hans Adolf Kroc, Ray Krogh, August Kübler-Ross, Elisabeth Kupka, Frantisek Kurchatov, Igor Vasilyevich Kurosawa, Akira L La Fontaine, Henri-Marie La Follette, Robert M. La Guardia, Fiorello Henry Laban, Rudolf Lacan, Jacques Lagerlöf, Selma Lanchester, Frederick William Landau, Lev Davidovich Landers, Ann Landsteiner, Karl Lang, K. D. Lang, Fritz Lange, Dorothea Langer, Susanne K. Lansdowne, Lord Laski, Harold J. Lathrop, Julia C. Lauder, Estee Laue, Max von Laurier, Sir Wilfrid Laval, Pierre Laver, Rod Law, Bonar Lawrence, T. E. Lawrence, Ernest Orlando Lawrence, D. H. Laxness, Halldór Le Bon, Gustave Le Corbusier Le Gallienne, Eva Leakey, L. S. B. Leakey, Mary Leavitt, Henrietta Swan Lee Kuan Yew Léger, Fernand Lemaître, Georges Lenin, Vladimir Ilich Lévesque, René Lévi-Strauss, Claude Lewis, Bernard Lewis, C. S. Lewis, Jerry Lewis, John L. Lewis, Sinclair Li Peng Libby, Willard Frank Lichtenstein, Roy Lie, Trygve H. Lifar, Serge Lin Biao Lin, Maya Ying Lindbergh, Anne Morrow Lindbergh, Charles A. Lipchitz, Jacques Lippmann, Walter Litvinov, Maksim Maksimovich Liu Shaoqi Lloyd George, David Lloyd Webber, Andrew Lodge, Henry Cabot London, Jack Long, Huey Loos, Anita Lorentz, Hendrik Antoon Lorenz, Konrad Louis, Joe Low, Juliette Gordon Lowell, Amy Lu Xun Lucas, George Luce, Clare Boothe Luce, Henry R. Lucid, Shannon Ludendorff, Erich Lugard, Lord Lukács, György Lumière, August and Louis Lumumba, Patrice Lutuli, Albert Luxemburg, Rosa Lyons, Enid Muriel Lyons, Joseph Aloysius M MacArthur, Douglas McCarthy, Joseph McCarthy, Mary McClintock, Barbara McCullers, Carson MacDonald, Ramsay Machel, Samora Mackinder, Sir Halford John MacKinnon, Catharine A. Macleod, John J. R. McLuhan, Marshall McMillan, Edwin Mattison Macmillan, Harold McNamara, Robert Madero, Francisco Magritte, René Mahathir bin Mohamad, Datuk Seri Mahfouz, Naguib Mahler, Gustav Mailer, Norman Major, John Malcolm X Malenkov, Georgi M. Malraux, André Mandela, Nelson Mandelbrot, Benoît B. Mankiller, Wilma Mann, Thomas Mannerheim, Carl Gustaf Mao Zedong Marc, Franz Marcel, Gabriel Marciano, Rocky Marconi, Guglielmo Marcos, Ferdinand Maritain, Jacques Markova, Dame Alicia Marshall, George C. Marshall, Thurgood Martin, Agnes Masaryk, Tomás Massey, William Ferguson Massine, Léonide Matisse, Henri Matsushita, Konosuke Mauriac, François Mayakovsky, Vladimir Mayer, Louis B. Mayo, William J. and Charles H. Mead, Margaret Meany, George Meir, Golda Meitner, Lise Mellon, Andrew Menchú, Rigoberta Mencken, H. L. Mendelsohn, Erich Mendenhall, Dorothy Reed Mendès-France, Pierre Mengistu Haile Mariam Menotti, Gian Carlo Menzies, Robert Gordon Merleau-Ponty, Maurice Merton, Thomas Messiaen, Olivier Messner, Reinhold Meyerhold, Vsevolod Yemilyevich Michelin, André and Édouard Michener, James A. Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig Milhaud, Darius Millay, Edna St. Vincent Miller, Arthur Millett, Kate Millikan, Robert Andrews Milne, A. A. Milosevic, Slobodan Miró, Joan Mishima, Yukio Mitchell, William Mitterrand, François Modigliani, Amedeo Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi Molotov, Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Mondrian, Piet Monet, Claude Monnet, Jean Monroe, Marilyn Montale, Eugenio Montessori, Maria Montgomery, Bernard Law Moon, Sun Myung Moore, G. E. Moore, Henry Moore, Marianne Morgan, Thomas Hunt Morgenthau, Hans J. Morita, Akio Morrison, Toni Mosca, Gaetano Moses, Grandma Mossadegh, Mohammad Motherwell, Robert Mott, John R. Mountbatten, Louis Mugabe, Robert Muller, Hermann Joseph Mullis, Kary B. Mulroney, Brian Munch, Edvard Munro, Alice Murdoch, Rupert K. Murrow, Edward R. Museveni, Yoweri K. Mussolini, Benito Myrdal, Gunnar N Nabokov, Vladimir Nader, Ralph Naidu, Sarojini Naipaul, V. S. Naismith, James A. Nansen, Fridtjof Nash, Paul Nasser, Gamal Abdel Natta, Giulio Navratilova, Martina Néel, Louis-Eugène-Félix Nehru, Jawaharlal Nernst, Walther Hermann Neruda, Pablo Nervi, Pier Luigi Neumann, John von Nevelson, Louise Ngo Dinh Diem Nicholson, Ben Nicklaus, Jack Niebuhr, Reinhold Nielsen, Carl Niemeyer, Oscar Niemöller, Martin Nijinsky, Vaslav Nimitz, Chester W. Nishida, Kitaro Nixon, Richard M. Nkrumah, Kwame Nordau, Max Norman, Jessye Nozick, Robert Nureyev, Rudolph Nyerere, Julius O Oberth, Hermann Obote, Milton Obregón, Álvaro O'Connor, Flannery O'Connor, Sandra Day O'Connor, Thomas Power Oh, Sadaharu O'Keeffe, Georgia O'Kelly, Seán T. Oldenberg, Claes Olivier, Sir Laurence Onassis, Jacqueline Kennedy Ondaatje, Michael O'Neill, Eugene O'Neill, Tip Oort, Jan Hendrik Oparin, Aleksandr Ivanovich Oppenheimer, J. Robert Orozco, José Clemente Ortega, Daniel Ortega, Katherine Davalos Ortega y Gasset, José Orwell, George Osborne, Thomas Mott Ostwald, Wilhelm Oud, J. J. P. Owens, Jesse P Pandit, Vijaya Lakshmi Pankhurst, Emmeline Papandreou, Andreas Papen, Franz von Parker, Charlie Parker, Dorothy Parks, Rosa Parrington, Vernon Louis Parton, Dolly Pasternak, Boris Patel, Vallabhbhai Jhaverbhai Paton, Alan Patton, George S. Paul, Alice Paul VI Pauli, Wolfgang Pauling, Linus Pavarotti, Luciano Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich Pavlova, Anna Paz, Octavio Paz Estenssoro, Victor Pearson, Lester B. Peary, Robert Edwin Peck, Gregory Pei, I. M. Pelé Peng Dehuai Perkins, Frances Perón, Eva Perón, Juan Perot, H. Ross Perret, Auguste Perry, Fred Pershing, John J. Pétain, Philippe Peterson, Oscar Piaf, Édith Piaget, Jean Picard, Émile Picasso, Pablo Piccard, Auguste and Jean-Felix Pickford, Mary Picotte, Susan La Flesche Pilsudski, Jozef Pinchot, Gifford Pinochet Ugarte, Augusto Pio, Padre Pirandello, Luigi Pire, Dominique Pirelli Family, The Pirenne, Henri Pius X Pius XI Pius XII Planck, Max Plath, Sylvia Player, Gary Poincaré, Raymond Poitier, Sidney Pol Pot Pollock, Jackson Pompidou, Georges Porter, Cole Porter, Katherine Anne Potter, Beatrix Poulenc, Francis Powell, Colin Powell, Lewis F., Jr. Prandtl, Ludwig Presley, Elvis Price, Leontyne Prokofiev, Sergei Proust, Marcel Puccini, Giacomo Q Qaddafi, Muammar al- R Rabi, Isidor Isaac Rabin, Yitzhak Rachmaninoff, Sergei Raman, Chandrasekhara Venkata Rand, Ayn Randolph, A. Philip Rankin, Jeannette Rasmussen, Knud Johan Victor Rauschenberg, Robert Rauschenbusch, Walter Ravel, Maurice Rawlings, J. J. Rawls, John Ray, Man Ray, Satyajit Rayburn, Samuel T. Reagan, Ronald Rehnquist, William H. Remarque, Erich Maria Reno, Janet Renoir, Jean Reuther, Walter P. Reza Shah Pahlavi Rhee, Syngman Richards, Ann Richler, Mordecai Richter, Charles Rickover, Hyman G. Ride, Sally Riefenstahl, Leni Rilke, Rainer Maria Rivera, Diego Robbins, Jerome Robeson, Paul Robinson, Frank Robinson, Jackie Robinson, Mary Rockefeller, John D., Jr. Rockefeller, Nelson A. Rockne, Knute Rockwell, Norman Rodgers, Richard Rogers, Edith Nourse Rogers, Will Rolls, Charles Stewart, and Frederick Henry Royce Romero, Oscar Rommel, Erwin Roosevelt, Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Theodore Root, Elihu Rorschach, Hermann Rose, Pete Ross, Nellie Tayloe Ross, Ronald Rotblat, Sir Joseph Rothko, Mark Rouault, Georges Rous, Peyton Rowland, F. Sherwood Royce, Josiah Rozelle, Pete Rukeyser, Muriel Rundstedt, Gerd von Russell, Bertrand Russell, Bill Russell, Henry Norris Ruth, Babe Rutherford, Ernest S Sacco, Nicola Sachs, Nelly Sadat, Anwar el- Sagan, Carl St. Denis, Ruth St. Laurent, Louis Saint-Saëns, Camille Sakharov, Andrei Salazar, António Salinger, J. D. Salk, Jonas Sampras, Pete Sandburg, Carl Sanger, Frederick Sanger, Margaret Santayana, George Santos-Dumont, Alberto Sarraute, Nathalie Sartre, Jean-Paul Satie, Erik Sato, Eisaku Saussure, Ferdinand de Sauvé, Jeanne Scheler, Max Schmidt, Bernhard Voldemar Schmidt-Rottluff, Karl Schoenberg, Arnold Schrödinger, Erwin Schulz, Charles Schwarzschild, Karl Schweitzer, Albert Scorsese, Martin Seaborg, Glenn Theodore Seeckt, Hans von Segovia, Andrés Seko, Mobutu Sese Sellers, Peter Sendak, Maurice Senghor, Léopold Sennett, Mack Service, Robert W. Seuss, Dr. Sexton, Anne Shaw, George Bernard Sheen, Fulton J. Shepard, Alan Shostakovich, Dmitri Shultz, George P. Siad Barre, Mohamed Sibelius, Jean Sihanouk, Norodom Sills, Beverly Sinatra, Frank Sinclair, Upton Skinner, B. F. Slim, First Viscount Smith, Alfred E. Smith, Bessie Smith, Margaret Chase Smith, Theobald Smuts, Jan Christian Soddy, Frederick Söderblom, Nathan Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr Sorel, Georges Soros, George Sousa, John Philip Souter, David H. Soyinka, Wole Spaak, Paul-Henri Spielberg, Steven Spock, Benjamin Stalin, Joseph Stanislavsky, Konstantin Stanley, Wendell Stark, Johannes Starling, Ernest Henry Staudinger, Hermann Steichen, Edward Stein, Edith Stein, Gertrude Steinbeck, John Steinem, Gloria Stevenson, Adlai E. Stewart, James Stieglitz, Alfred Stimson, Henry L. Stockhausen, Karlheinz Stone, Harlan Fiske Stonehaven, First Baron Reith of Stopes, Marie Strauss, Richard Stravinsky, Igor Streisand, Barbra Stresemann, Gustav Strindberg, August Suharto Sukarno Sullivan, Anne Sullivan, Harry Stack Sun Yat-sen Sunday, Billy Sutherland, Graham Vivian Suzuki, Shinichi T Taft, Robert A. Taft, William Howard Tagore, Rabindranath Talbot, Marion Tallchief, Maria Tanizaki, Jun'ichiro Tarbell, Ida Taussig, Helen Brooke Taylor, Elizabeth Taylor, Frederick Winslow Teasdale, Sara Teilhard de Chardin, Pierre Teller, Edward Temple, Shirley Teresa, Mother Tereshkova, Valentina Terry, Megan Thant, U Tharp, Twyla Thatcher, Margaret Theorell, Hugo Thieu, Nguyen Van Thomas, Clarence Thomas, Norman Thomson, Sir J. J. Thomson, Tom Thorndike, Edward L. Thorpe, Jim Thurber, James Tilak, Bal Gangadhar Tillich, Paul Tirpitz, Alfred von Tito Tolkien, J. R. R. Tombaugh, Clyde William Tönnies, Ferdinand Julius Torrijos, Omar Toscanini, Arturo Touré, Ahmed Sékou Townes, Charles H. Toynbee, Arnold Toyoda, Eiji Tracy, Spencer Troeltsch, Ernst Trotsky, Leon Trudeau, Pierre Truffaut, François Trujillo, Rafael Truman, Harry S. Tshombe, Moïse Tsiolkovsky, Konstantin Tsvetayeva, Marina Tubman, William V. S. Tuchman, Barbara W. Tupolev, Andrei Nikolayevich Turing, Alan Mathison Turner, Frederick Jackson Turner, Ted Tutu, Desmond U Ulbricht, Walter Unamuno y Jugo, Miguel de Urey, Harold C. V Valéry, Paul Van Allen, James Varèse, Edgard Varmus, Harold E. Vaughan Williams, Ralph Vavilov, Nikolai Ivanovich Veblen, Thorstein Venizélos, Eleuthérios Villa, Pancho Villa-Lobos, Heitor Visconti, Luchino Vuillard, Édouard W Wach, Joachim Waksman, Selman Abraham Wald, Lillian D. Waldheim, Kurt Walesa, Lech Walker, Madam C. J. Walker, Alice Wallace, George C. Wallace, Henry A. Walters, Barbara Walton, Sam Walton, William Wang Jingwei Wankel, Felix Warhol, Andy Warner, Jack Warren, Earl Warren, Robert Penn Waters, Muddy Watson, James D. Watson, Thomas John, Sr., and Thomas, Jr. Wayne, John Webb, Beatrice and Sidney Weber, Max Webern, Anton von Wegener, Alfred Weil, Simone Weill, Kurt Weinberg, Steven Weizmann, Chaim Welles, Orson Wells, H. G. Wells-Barnett, Ida B. Wertheimer, Max West, Mae Wharton, Edith Whipple, George Hoyt White, Walter Whitehead, Alfred North Whitney, Gertrude Vanderbilt Whittle, Frank Wiener, Norbert Wiesel, Elie Wiesenthal, Simon Wightman, Hazel Wilder, Laura Ingalls Wilkins, George Hubert Wilkins, Maurice H. F. William II Williams, Tennessee Wilson, Edmund Wilson, Edward O. Wilson, Harold Wilson, Woodrow Windsor, Duke of Winfrey, Oprah Wise, Stephen Samuel Wittgenstein, Ludwig Wolf, Max Wolfe, Thomas Wood, Grant Woods, Tiger Woodward, Robert Burns Woolf, Virginia Wright, Frank Lloyd Wright, Orville and Wilbur Wundt, Wilhelm Wyeth, Andrew XYZ Xenakis, Iannis Yalow, Rosalyn Yamani, Ahmad Zaki Yeager, Chuck Yeats, William Butler Yeltsin, Boris Yukawa, Hideki Zaghlul, Sa'd Zaharias, Babe Didrikson Zanuck, Darryl F. Zapata, Emiliano Zeppelin, Frederick von Zetkin, Clara Zhao Ziyang Zhou Enlai Zhu De Zhukov, Georgy Zia-ul-Haq, Muhammad Zwilich, Ellen Taaffe Zworykin, Vladimir Appendixes Rulers and Heads of State Chronological List of Personages Indexes Category Index Geographical Index Personages Index Subject Index |
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