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Great Events from History: The 19th Century Contents by Geographic Region Africa (39) 1801-1805, Tripolitan War 1805-1830, Exploration of West Africa 1811, Massacre of Mameluk Leaders 1811-1818, Egyptian War with the Wahabis 1811-1861, Exploration of Southern Africa 1812, Burckhardt Discovers the Great Temple of Abu Simbel 1814, Britain Acquires the Cape Colony 1817-1828, Zulu Expansion 1827-1874, Exploration of North Africa 1830, France Conquers Algeria 1832-1841, Turko-Egyptian Wars 1835-1850's, Expansion of Afrikaners into South Africa's Interior 1847, Liberia Proclaimed Independent Republic 1849-1888, Exploration of East Africa 1850-1853, Eighth Kaffir War 1854, Convention of Bloemfontein 1854-1869, Suez Canal Is Built 1855, Livingstone Finds Victoria Falls 1865-1868, Basuto War 1868-1869, British Expedition to Ethiopia 1873-1874, Second Ashanti War 1873-1880, Exploration of the Congo Basin 1879, Zulu War 1879, Battles of Isandhlwana and Rorke's Drift 1880-1881, First Boer War 1882, Battle of Tel-el-Kebir 1884ff., Berlin Conference Partitions Africa Among Colonial Powers 1884, Gold Is Discovered in the Transvaal 1885, Siege of Khartoum 1887-1896, Italo-Ethiopian Wars 1888, Rhodes Amalgamates Kimberley Diamond Companies 1889-1892, Dahomey-French War 1893-1897, Matabele War and Ndebele and Shona Revolts 1895-1896, Jameson Raid 1896, Sultan of Zanzibar Abolishes Slavery 1896-1899, Sudanese War 1898-1899, Fashoda Incident 1899-1900, Siege of Mafeking 1899-1902, Boer War Asia (32) 1815, Sumbawa Volcano Erupts killing 50,000 1817-1818, Third Maratha War 1818-1843, Triangulation Survey of India 1821ff., Stele Artists in China 1823-1831, Hokusai Produces Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji 1825-1830, Great Java War 1829, Suttee Abolished in British India 1834, Hiroshige Completes Fifty-three Stations of the Tokaido 1839-1842, First Opium War 1850-1864, Taiping Rebellion 1853-1868, Nien Rebellion 1854-1862, Wallace's Scientific Expedition 1856-1860, Second Opium War 1857, Sepoy Mutiny against British Rule 1858-1863, French-Indochina War 1861, Chinese Coup of 1861 1861-1872, Chinese Self-Strengthening Movement 1863-1877, Muslim Rebellion in China 1868, Signing of Japan's Charter Oath 1868, Meiji Dynasty Restored 1876, Japan Opens Korea 1877, Satsuma Revolt 1882-1884, Korean Insurrections Against Japan 1882-1885, French Indochina Wars 1883, Ilbert Bill 1883, Krakatoa Volcano Erupts 1885, Indian National Congress Is Founded 1889, Japanese Empire Adapts a New Constitution 1894-1895, Sino-Japanese War 1894-1896, Kabo Reforms 1897-1898, Scramble for Chinese Concessions 1900, Boxer Rebellion Fails to Remove Foreign Control in China Australasia (7) 1801-1803, Flinders's Explorations Show That Australia Is a Single Land Mass 1803-1804, Settlement of Tasmania 1835, Melbourne, Australia, Is Founded 1850, Extinction of the Giant Moa 1851-1855, Discovery of Gold in New South Wales 1868, Last Convicts Landed in Western Australia 1893, New Zealand Grants Women's Suffrage Canada (30) 1813, Founding of McGill University 1813, Battle of the Thames 1818-1854, Exploring the Northwest Passage 1829-1836, Irish Immigration to Canada 1836, Champlain and St. Lawrence Railroad Opens 1837, Rebellions in Canada 1838-1839, Aroostook War 1841, Upper and Lower Canada Unite 1842, Webster-Ashburton Treaty 1848-1854, Introduction of Responsible Governments in Canada 1852, Grand Trunk Railway Chartered 1858, Fraser River Gold Rush 1866-1870, Fenian Risings in Ireland and Canada 1867, British North America Act 1869-1870, First Riel Rebellion 1872, Dominion Lands Act 1873, Formation of the Northwest Mounted Police 1873-1878, Mackenzie Era in Canada 1874, Mennonites Settle in Canada 1875, Supreme Court of Canada Is Established 1876, Canada's Indian Act 1878, Macdonald Returns as Canada's Prime Minister 1884, International Time Zones Are Established 1885, Second Riel Rebellion 1885, Canadian Pacific Railway Completed 1893, Montreal Wins Hockey's First Stanley Cup 1893, National Council of Women of Canada Is Founded 1896, Laurier Elected as First French Canadian Prime Minister 1896, Sifton's Campaign to Attract Immigrant Farmers 1897-1911, Laurier Era in Canada Europe (183) Late 19th century, Symbolist Movement in Literature and the Arts Late 1870's, Post-Impressionist Movement Mid-19th century, Russian Realist Movement 1800's, Spread of the Waltz 1801ff., Costumbrismo Movement 1801, Astronomers Make the First Discovery of an Asteroid, Ceres. 1801 (c.), Emergence of Les Primitifs 1803, Beethoven's Eroica Symphony Introduces Romantic Age 1804, Coronation of Napoleon as Emperor 1804, Saussure Publishes Chemical Research in Vegetation 1805, Battle of Austerlitz 1807, Thomas More Publishes Irish Melodies 1807, Hegel Publishes Phenomenology of the Spirit 1808, Dos de Mayo Insurrection in Spain 1808-1813, Peninsular War 1809, Lamarck Publishes Zoological Philosophy 1811, Krupp Works Open at Essen 1812, Battle of Borodino 1812, Napoleon's Invasion of Russia 1812, Battle of Salamanca 1812-1814, Brother Grimm Publish Fairy Tales 1813, Battle of the Nations 1814, Goya Paints 3 May 1808: Execution of the Citizens of Madrid 1814, Fraunhofer Invents the Spectroscope 1814-1815, Congress of Vienna 1814-1830, Restoration of the French Bourbon Kings 1815, Organization of German Confederation 1815, Second Peace of Paris 1815, Battle of Waterloo 1815-1835, Popularity of the Biedermeier Style of Furniture 1816, Rossini's Barber of Seville Produced in Rome 1816, René Laennec Invents the Stethoscope 1819, Schopenhauer Publishes The World as Will and Idea 1820, Jesuits Expelled from Russia, Naples, and Spain 1820's, Ampère Reveals Magnetism's Relationship to Electricity 1820-1821, Neapolitan Revolution 1821-1829, Greeks Fight for Independence 1824, Paris Salon of 1824 1824, Beethoven's Ninth Symphony Is Performed 1824, Ranke Develops Systematic History 1825, Decembrist Revolt 1828-1829, Russo-Turkish War of 1828-1829 1829, Braille Invents Printing for the Blind 1830, First Polish Rebellion 1830, July Revolution Deposes Charles X 1830, Delacroix Paints Liberty Guiding the People 1830'sff., Popularization of Ballet 1830, Rioting Greets the First Production of Hugo's Hernani 1830-1833, Belgian Revolution 1830's-1840's, Young Germany Movement 1830-1870, Barbizon School of Landscape Painting 1831, Mazzini Founds Young Italy 1834, German States Cooperate in Customs Union 1835, Strauss Publishes The Life of Jesus 1835, Andersen Publishes His First Fairy Tales 1838-1839, Schleiden and Schwann's Cell Theory Became the Foundation of Modern Biology 1838-1900, First Department Stores Revolutionize Retail Marketing 1839, Daguerre and Niepce Invent Daguerreotype Photography 1839, Blanc Publishes "L'Organisation du Travail" 1840, Justus von Liebig Invents Artificial Fertilizers 1840-1843, Spanish Civil War 1843, Production of Der fliegende Hollander (The Flying Dutchman) 1845-1854, Irish Famine and the Great Emigration 1847, Founding of Hamburg-Amerika Line 1847, Semmelweis Develops Antiseptics 1848, Rise of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood 1848, Swiss Confederation Is Formed 1848, Prussian Revolution of 1848 1848, Marx and Engels Publish the Communist Manifesto 1848, Paris Revolution of 1848 1848-1849, Revolutions of 1848 in Italy 1849, Dostoevski Sent to Siberia 1850, Clausius Formulates Second Law of Thermodynamics 1851, Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte Becomes Emperor of France 1851-1854, Comte Advances Theory of Positivism 1853-1856, Crimean War 1854, Battle of Balaklava 1854, Pope Pius IX Declares the Dogma of the Immaculate Conception 1854-1855, Battle of Sevastopol 1855, Nightingale's Nursing Reforms in the Crimea 1855, Pavilion of Realism 1856, Neanderthal Skull Found Near Düsseldorf 1856, Pasteur Develops Germ Theory and Microbiology 1856, Flaubert Publishes Madame Bovary 1858, Lenoir Invents the Internal Combustion Engine 1858, Virgin Mary Appears to Bernadette Soubirous 1859, Napoleon III and Emperor Francis Joseph Meet at Villafranca 1859, Battle of Solferino 1860, Garibaldi's Thousand "Redshirts" Land in Italy 1861, Archaeopteryx Discovered at Solnhofen 1861, Emancipation of the Serfs 1861, Italy Is Proclaimed a Kingdom 1862, Bismarck Becomes Minister-President of Prussia 1862, Founding of the International Red Cross 1863, Salon des Refusés 1863-1864, Polish Rebellion 1863-1913, Greece Is Unified Under the Glucksburg Dynasty 1864, Danish-Prussian War 1864, Pope Pius IX Issues Syllabus of Errors 1865, Mendel Proposes Laws of Heredity 1866, Nobel Invents Dynamite 1866, Battle of Koniggratz 1866, Seven Weeks' War 1866-1867, North German Confederation Is Formed 1867, Austrian Ausgleich 1867, Marx Publishes First Volume of Das Kapital 1867, Paris World's Fair Introduces Japanese Art to the West 1867-1885, Przhevalsky Explores Central Asia 1868, Cro-Magnon Skeleton Found in France 1868, Spanish Revolution of 1868 1868, Bakunin Founds the Social Democratic Alliance 1869, Mendeleyev Develops the Periodic Table of Elements 1870's, Golden Age of Flamenco 1870, First Vatican Council Promulgates the Dogma of Papal Infallibility 1870, Battle of Sedan 1870-1871, Franco-Prussian War 1870-1871, Siege of Paris 1871, German States Are Unified into German Empire 1871, Paris Commune 1871-1875, Third French Republic Is Established 1871-1877, Kulturkampf against Catholic Church in Germany 1871-1890's, Naturalist Movement 1873, Three Emperors' League 1873, Charcot Publishes Leçons sur les maladies du systeme nerveux 1874, First Impressionist Exhibition, Paris 1875, Bizet's Carmen Performed in Paris 1876, Spanish Constitution of 1876 1876, First Performance of Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen 1876, Otto Invents Practical Internal Combustion Engine 1876, Bulgarian Massacres 1878, Congress of Berlin 1878, Anti-Socialist Law in Germany 1879, Ibsen's A Doll's House Introduces Psychological Realism to Drama 1880's, Roux Develops the Theory of Mitosis 1880's, Aesthetic Movement 1880, The First "Boycott" 1880, Rodin Sculps The Thinker 1880-1910 (c.), Decadent Movement 1882, Triple Alliance 1882ff., Gaudí Begins Building Templo Expiatorio de la Sagrada Familia 1882, First Birth Control Clinic Is Established in Amsterdam 1882, Kilmainham Agreement 1882-1884, Koch Isolates Microorganisms That Cause Tuberculosis and Cholera 1883, Bismarck Introduces Social Security in Germany 1885, Benz Develops the First Practical Automobile 1886-1889, Boulanger Crisis 1886-1893, Irish Home Rule Debate 1888-1906, Ramón v Cajal Establishes the Neuron as the Functional Unit of the Nervous System 1889, Eiffel Tower Built 1890-1901, Behring Discovers the Diphtheria Antitoxin 1891, Papal Encyclical on Labor 1892, Toulouse-Lautrec Produces "At the Moulin Rouge" 1892, Metchnikoff Develops the Cellular Theory of Immunity 1893, Diesel Patents the Diesel Engine 1893, Munch Paints The Scream 1893-1894, Franco-Russian Alliance 1894, Debussy Composes Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun 1894-1906, Dreyfus Affair 1895ff., Lumière Brothers and Edison Develop Motion Pictures 1895, Tchaikovsky's Swan Lake Performed in St. Petersburg 1895, Röntgen Discovers X-rays 1895, Opening of the Kiel Canal 1896, Herzl Founds the Zionist Movement 1896, Olympic Games Are Revived in Athens, Greece 1896, Marconi Patents the Telegraph 1896, Nobel Prizes Are Established 1897, Moscow Arts Theatre Is Founded 1897, Hoffman Invents Aspirin 1897, Greco-Turkish War 1897-1904, Bjerknes Publishes First Weather Forecast Using Computational Hydrodynamics 1898, Beijerinck Discovers Viruses 1898, Social-Democratic Workers' Party Is Formed 1898-1900, Hilbert Develops Model for Euclidean Geometry 1898-1902, Teisserenc de Bort Discovers Stratosphere and Troposphere 1899, Lebesgue Develops New Integration Theory 1899, First Hague Peace Conference 1900, Zeppelin Constructs the First Dirigible That Flies 1900, Articulation of Quantum Theory 1900, Evans Discovers the Minoan Civilization of Crete 1900, Rediscovery of Mendel's Hereditary Theory 1900, Wiechert Invents the Inverted Seismograph Pendulum 1900, Freud Publishes The Interpretation of Dreams 1900, Puccini's Tosca Premieres in Rome Great Britain (83) Jan., 1884, Fabian Society Is Founded 1801-1850, Cockney School 1801-1900, Development of Working-Class Libraries 1802-1835, Publication of the Political Register 1803, F. A. Winsor Invents Gas Lighting 1803-1807, John Dalton Formulates the Atomic Theory of Matter 1804, First Successful Steam Locomotive Runs in Wales 1804, British and Foreign Bible Society Is Founded in London 1805, British Crush French and Spanish Fleets at Trafalgar 1807, Bowdler Publishes The Family Shakespeare 1807, British Slave Trade Is Ended by Parliament 1809, Davy Invents the Arc Lamp 1809-1817, David Ricardo Identifies Seven Key Economic Principles 1811, Luddites Destroy Industrial Machines 1812, Elgin Marbles Brought to England 1814, Scott Publishes Waverley 1819, Passage of the Six Acts 1819, First Steamship to Cross the Atlantic Ocean 1819, Kidd Extracts Naphtha from Coal Tar 1820, Cato Street Conspiracy 1822, Great Britain Withdraws from the Concert of Europe 1823, Lancet Medical Journal Is Established 1824, Buckland Publishes First Description of a Dinosaur 1824, Aspdin Patents Portland Cement 1824, Combination Laws Repealed 1825, Stockton-Darlington Railroad Company Is Established 1827, John Darby Founds the Plymouth Brethren 1828, Thomas Arnold Reforms Rugby School 1828-1829, Emancipation Acts of 1828 and 1829 1830, Lyell Publishes Principles of Geology 1831, Faraday Converts Magnetic Force into Electricity 1832, Reform Act of 1832 1833, Slavery Is Abolished in the British Colonies 1833, Factory Act 1833-1845, Oxford Movement 1834, New Poor Law 1835, Municipal Corporations Act 1835, Babbage Invents a Mechanical Calculator 1837, Victoria's Coronation Inaugurates the Victorian Age 1837, Mazzini Arrives in London as an Exile 1838-1848, Chartist Movement 1840, Penny Postage Is Established in Great Britain 1840-1852, Houses of Parliament Rebuilt in London 1842, Tennyson Publishes "Morte d'Arthur" 1843, Carlyle Publishes Past and Present 1843, Wilson Founds The Economist 1845, John Henry Newman Becomes a Catholic 1846, Repeal of the Corn Laws 1847, Boole Publishes Mathematical Analysis of Logic 1848-1849, Second Sikh War 1850, Tennyson Succeeds Wordsworth as England's Poet Laureate 1851, Great Exhibition 1852-1853, Dickens Publishes Bleak House 1855-1859, Bessemer Develops New Methods for Processing Steel 1857, Matrimonial Causes Act in Britain 1858, Brunel Launches Great Eastern Steamship 1858, Rothschild Becomes First Jewish Member of Parliament 1859, Darwin Publishes On the Origin of Species 1859, Smiles Publishes Self-Help 1859, John Stuart Mill Publishes On Liberty 1862, Spencer Publishes First Principles 1863, First Underground Railway Opens in London 1864, Octavia Hill begins London Housing Reform Movement 1864, First International Is Founded 1864-1867, Lister Promotes Antiseptic Surgery 1865, Salvation Army Is Established 1867, Reform Act of 1867 1868, Gladstone Becomes Prime Minister of Great Britain 1868, First Trades Union Congress 1871, Darwin Publishes The Descent of Man 1878, Henry Irving Manages London's Lyceum Theatre 1881, Richard D'Oyly Carte Builds London's Savoy Theatre 1883, Galton Founds the Field of Eugenics 1883, Stevenson Publishes Treasure Island 1884ff., Arts and Crafts Movement 1884, Franchise Act of 1884 1887, Conan Doyle Publishes His First Sherlock Holmes Story 1888, Dunlop Patents Pneumatic Tire 1889, Great Britain Strengthens the Royal Navy 1892, Keir Hardie Becomes First Labour Member of Parliament 1897, Ellis Publishes Studies in the Psychology of Sex 1897, Ross Discovers Malaria Bacillus 1900, British Labour Party Is Formed Latin America (20) 1799-1804, Expedition of Humboldt and Bonpland 1810, El Grito de Dolores 1813-1824, Military Campaigns of Simon de Bolivar 1817-1821, Military Campaigns of José de San Martín 1821-1821, Mexican War of Independence 1822, Brazil Becomes Independent 1828-1834, Miguelite Wars 1832, Britain Occupies Falkland Islands 1839, Stephens Discovers Maya Antiquities 1846-1848, Mexican War 1847, Battle of Chapultepec 1848, Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo 1855-1857, Walker's Invasion of Nicaragua 1860's, Easter Island Is Ravaged by European Slave Traders 1861-1867, Mexican-French War 1864-1870, Paraguayan War 1865, Morant Bay Rebellion 1868-1878, Ten Year's War 1879-1884, War of the Pacific 1895-1898, Cuban War of Independence Middle East (11) 1801ff., Arabic Literary Renaissance 1808-1839, Janissaries' Revolt 1829, Treaty of Adrianople 1839-1842, First Afghan War 1839-1847, Layard Excavates Nineveh 1853, Richard Francis Burton Enters Mecca in Disguise 1853-1879, Exploration of Arabia 1863, Baha'i Religion Is Founded 1868-1879, Schliemann Excavates in Turkey 1877-1878, Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878 1894-1897, Armenian Massacres Polar Regions (2) 1819's-1840's, Europeans Explore the Antarctic 1893-1896, Nansen's Attempt at the North Pole United States (272) Late 19th century, Brahmin School of American Literature Mid-19th century, Professional Theaters Open in the United States 1801, Jefferson Is Elected President 1802, U.S. Military Academy Is Established 1803, Marbury v. Madison 1803, Louisiana Purchase 1804, Twelfth Amendment 1804-1806, Lewis and Clark Expedition 1804-1807, Burr's Conspiracy 1804-1807, First Black Codes 1806-1807, Pike's Southwest Explorations 1807, Voyage of the Clermont 1807, Congress Bans Importation of African Slaves 1808, American Fur Company Is Chartered 1808, Prophetstown Is Founded 1809, Irving Publishes Rip van Winkle 1810, Fletcher v. Peck 1810-1812, Astorian Expeditions 1811, Construction of the National Road 1811, Battle of Tippecanoe 1812-1814, War of 1812 1813-1814, Creek War 1814-1815, Hartford Convention 1814-1830, New Harmony and the Communitarian Movement 1815, Treaty of Ghent 1815, Battle of New Orleans 1815, Westward Migration 1815-1817, Red River Raids 1816, AME Church Is Founded 1816, American Bible Society Is Founded 1816, Second Bank of the United States Is Chartered 1817-1858, Seminole Wars 1819, Adams-Onís Treaty 1819, McCulloch v. Maryland 1819, Unitarian Church Is Founded 1820, Missouri Compromise 1820, Land Act of 1820 1820's-1830's, Free Public School Movement 1820's-1850's, Social Reform Movement 1821, Santa Fe Trail Opens 1823, Monroe Doctrine 1823, Hartford Female Seminary Is Founded 1823-1831, Jedediah Smith Explores the Far West 1824, Gibbons v. Ogden 1824-1825, U.S. Election of 1824 1825, Erie Canal Opens 1828, Jackson Is Elected President 1828, Webster's American Dictionary of the English Language 1828, Cherokee Phoenix Begins Publication 1830, Joseph Smith Founds the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 1830, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Begins Operation 1830, Webster-Hayne Debate 1830, Indian Removal Act 1830-1842, Trail of Tears 1830-1865, American Renaissance 1830-1865, Proslavery Argument 1831, Liberator Begins Publication 1831, Nat Turner's Insurrection 1831, McCormick Invents the Reaper 1831-1832, Tocqueville Visits America 1831-1832, Cherokee Cases 1832, Jackson vs. the Bank of the United States 1832-1833, Nullification Controversy 1833, Rise of the Penny Press 1833, American Anti-Slavery Society Is Founded 1833, Oberlin College Is Established 1834, Blair Patents a Corn Planter 1834, Birth of the Whig Party 1835, Finney Delivers "Lectures on Revivals of Religion" 1835-1836, Texas Revolution 1836, Rise of Transcendentalism 1836, Colt Patents the Revolver 1837, Panic of 1837 1837, Mt. Holyoke Seminary Is Founded 1839, Amistad Slave Revolt 1840, U.S. Election of 1840 1840's-1850's, "Old" Immigration 1841, Preemption Act 1842, Dorr Rebellion 1842, Commonwealth v. Hunt 1842-1843, First Minstrel Shows 1842-1854, Frémont's Expeditions 1844, Anti-Irish Riots 1844, Goodyear Patents Vulcanized Rubber 1844, First Telegraph Message 1845, Modern Rules of Baseball Are Adopted 1845-1857, Era of the Clipper Ships 1846, Smithsonian Institution Is Founded 1846, Independent Treasury Is Established 1846, Surgical Anesthesia Is Safely Demonstrated 1846, Battle of Palo Alto 1846, Oregon Settlement 1846, Howe's Sewing Machine 1846-1847, Occupation of California and the Southwest 1846-1848, Mormon Migration to Utah 1847, North Star Begins Publication 1847, Taos Rebellion 1848, Seneca Falls Convention 1848-1849, California Gold Rush 1849-1852, Chinese Immigration 1850, Second Fugitive Slave Law 1850, Compromise of 1850 1850's, Rise of Burlesque and Vaudeville 1850, Bloody Island Massacre 1850, Construction of the Washington Monument Begins 1850 (c.), First Petroleum Refinery Is Established 1850-1860, Underground Railroad 1851, Melville Publishes Moby Dick 1851, New York Times Is Established 1851, U.S. Yacht Beats an English Yacht in the First America's Cup Race 1851, Akron Woman's Rights Convention 1852, Publication of Uncle Tom's Cabin 1853, National Council of Colored People Is Founded 1853, Gadsden Purchase 1853-1857, Pacific Railroad Surveys 1854, Birth of the Republican Party 1854, Perry Opens Trade with Japan 1854, Kansas-Nebraska Act 1856-1858, Bleeding Kansas 1857, Cart War 1857, First African American University 1857, New York Infirmary for Indigent Women and Children Opens 1857, Otis Installs First Elevator in a New York Department Store 1857, Dred Scott v. Sandford 1858, Lincoln-Douglas Debates 1858-1866, First Transatlantic Cable 1859, Last Slave Ship Docks at Mobile 1859, First Commercial Oil Well 1859, John Brown's Raid on Harpers Ferry 1860, Lincoln Is Elected President 1860, Confederate States Secede from the Union 1860-1861, Pony Express 1860-1865, Apache and Navaho War 1861, William Morris Founds Design Firm 1861, Transcontinental Telegraph Is Completed 1861, Lincoln's Inauguration 1861, First Battle of Bull Run 1861-1865, Stand Watie Fights for the South 1861-1886, Apache Wars 1862, Homestead Act 1862, Great Sioux War 1862, Morrill Land Grant Act 1862, Monitor vs. Virginia 1863, First National Draft Law 1863, Emancipation Proclamation 1863-1863, Battles of Gettysburg, Vicksburg, and Chattanooga 1863-1864, National Bank Acts 1863-1866, Long Walk of the Navajos 1863-1877, Reconstruction 1864, Sand Creek Massacre 1864, "In God We Trust" First Appears on U.S. Coins 1864-1865, Sherman's March to the Sea 1865, Thirteenth Amendment 1865, Vassar College Is Founded 1865, Freedmen's Bureau Is Established 1865, New Black Codes 1865, Surrender at Appomattox and Assassination of Lincoln 1866, Race Riots in the South 1866, Civil Rights Act of 1866 1866, Suffragists Protest the Fourteenth Amendment 1866, Chisholm Trail Opens 1866, Rise of the Ku Klux Klan 1866, Fetterman Massacre 1866-1868, Bozeman Trail War 1867, National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry Forms 1867, Medicine Lodge Creek Treaty 1867, Office of Education Is Created 1867, Purchase of Alaska 1868, Sholes Patents a Practical Typewriter 1868, Washita River Massacre 1868, Impeachment of Andrew Johnson 1868, Burlingame Treaty 1868, Fourteenth Amendment 1869, Westinghouse Patents Air Brakes 1869, Founding of First Professional Baseball Club 1869, Rise of Woman Suffrage Associations 1869, Transcontinental Railroad Is Completed 1869, Western States Grant Woman Suffrage 1869-1877, Scandals of the Grant Administration 1870, John D. Rockefeller Founds Standard Oil Company 1870, Metropolitan Museum of Art Opens 1871, Treaty of Washington 1871, Barnum's Circus Forms 1871, Indian Appropriation Act 1871, Jehovah's Witnesses Are Founded 1871, Yellowstone Becomes the First U.S. National Park 1871, Chicago Fire Kills 300 People and Leaves 100,000 Homeless 1872, Ward Establishes Mail-Order Business 1872, Susan B. Anthony Is Arrested 1872-1874, Great American Bison Slaughter 1873, "Crime of 1873" 1873, Comstock Law 1873 (c.), Glidden Invents Barbed Wire 1874, Minor v. Happersett 1874-1875, Red River War 1875, Eddy Establishes the Christian Science Movement 1875, Page Law 1875, Theosophical Society Is Founded 1876, Centennial Exposition 1876, American Library Association Is Founded 1876, Battle of the Little Bighorn 1876, Declaration of the Rights of Women 1876, Bell Demonstrates the Telephone 1876-1877, Sioux War 1877, Nez Perce Exile 1877, Edison Patents the Cylinder Phonograph 1877, Salt Wars 1877, Hayes Is Elected President 1878, Muybridge Uses Photography to Study Animal Movement 1879, Powell's Report on the Lands of the Arid Region 1879, Edison Demonstrates the Incandescent Lamp 1880's-1890's, Rise of Yellow Journalism 1882, Rise of the Chinese Six Companies 1882, Standard Oil Trust Is Organized 1882, Chinese Exclusion Act 1883, Building of the First Skyscraper 1883, Metropolitan Opera House Opened in New York 1883, Civil Rights Cases 1883, Pendleton Act 1883, Brooklyn Bridge Opens 1884, Mark Twain Publishes Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 1884, Maxim Improves the Machine Gun 1884, U.S. Election of 1884 1885, Pemberton Invents Coca Cola 1886, American Federation of Labor Is Founded 1886, Statue of Liberty Is Dedicated 1887, General Allotment Act 1887, Foundation of the American Protective Association 1887, Goodwin Develops Celluloid Film 1887, Interstate Commerce Act 1888, First Polytonal Piece of Music 1889, Hull House Opens 1889, Johnstown Flood Kills More than 2,200 People in Pennsylvania 1889-1890, First Pan-American Congress 1890, Mississippi Disfranchisement Laws 1890's, Rise of Tin Pan Alley 1890, Women's Rights Associations Unite 1890, Closing of the Frontier 1890, Sherman Antitrust Act 1890, Battle of Wounded Knee 1891-1905, Strowger Invents the Automatic Dial Telephone 1892, Opening of Ellis Island Immigration Depot 1892ff., Yellow Peril Campaign 1892, Birth of the People's Party 1892, First Basketball Game Is Played 1892-1943, "New" Immigration 1893, World's Columbian Exposition 1893, Queen Liliuokalani, Hawaii's Last Monarch, Is Deposed 1894, Kellogg's Corn Flakes Launch the Dry Cereal Industry 1894, Pullman Strike 1895, Chinese American Citizens Alliance Is Founded 1895, Booker T. Washington's Atlanta Exposition Address 1895-1898, Hearst-Pulitzer Circulation War 1896, McKinley Is Elected President 1896, Plessy v. Ferguson 1896, Klondike Gold Rush 1897, First Hydroelectric Power Plant Built at Niagara Falls 1897, Library of Congress Building Opens 1897, Dingley Tariff 1897-1901, Abel and Takamine Independently Isolate Adrenaline 1898, Spanish-American War 1898, United States v. Wong Kim Ark 1899ff., Joplin Popularizes the Ragtime Style 1899-1902, Philippine Insurrection 1899-1905, Hay's "Open Door Notes" 1900, Planck Announces His Quantum Theory 1900, Dreiser's Sister Carrie Shatters Literary Taboos 1900, General Electric Opens an Industrial Research Laboratory 1900, Kodak Introduces the Brownie Camera 1900, Brooks Brothers Introduces Button-Down Shirts 1900, Galveston Hurricane 1900-1904, Suppression of Yellow Fever |
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