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Encyclopedia of Genetics, Rev. Ed. Table of Contents Publisher's Note, vii Preface to the Revised Edition, ix Preface to the First Edition, xiii Contributor List, xv Alphabetical List of Contents, xix A Aggression, 1 Aging, 3 Albinism, 9 Alcoholism, 11 Allergies, 13 Altruism, 16 Alzheimer's Disease, 19 Amniocentesis and Chorionic Villus Sampling, 23 Ancient DNA, 27 Animal Cloning, 31 Anthrax, 35 Antibodies, 38 Antisense RNA, 42 Archaea, 45 Artificial Selection, 48 Autoimmune Disorders, 51 B Bacterial Genetics and Cell Structure, 54 Bacterial Resistance and Super Bacteria, 61 Behavior, 65 Biochemical Mutations, 70 Bioethics, 73 Biofertilizers, 77 Bioinformatics, 79 Biological Clocks, 83 Biological Determinism, 86 Biological Weapons, 88 Biopesticides, 92 Biopharmaceuticals, 96 Blotting: Southern, Northern, and Western, 98 Breast Cancer, 101 Burkitt's Lymphoma, 106 C Cancer, 109 cDNA Libraries, 115 Cell Culture: Animal Cells, 117 Cell Culture: Plant Cells, 120 The Cell Cycle, 122 Cell Division, 125 Central Dogma of Molecular Biology, 128 Chemical Mutagens, 131 Chloroplast Genes, 133 Cholera, 137 Chromatin Packaging, 140 Chromosome Mutation, 144 Chromosome Structure, 147 Chromosome Theory of Heredity, 152 Chromosome Walking and Jumping, 158 Classical Transmission Genetics, 160 Cloning, 166 Cloning: Ethical Issues, 170 Cloning Vectors, 174 Color Blindness, 179 Complementation Testing, 181 Complete Dominance, 184 Congenital Defects, 187 Consanguinity and Genetic Disease, 191 Criminality, 193 Cystic Fibrosis, 195 Cytokinesis, 198 D Developmental Genetics, 201 Diabetes, 207 Dihybrid Inheritance, 210 Diphtheria, 214 DNA Fingerprinting, 216 DNA Isolation, 220 DNA Repair, 223 DNA Replication, 227 DNA Sequencing Technology, 233 DNA Structure and Function, 237 Down Syndrome, 244 Dwarfism, 248 E Emerging Diseases, 252 Epistasis, 255 Eugenics, 259 Eugenics: Nazi Germany, 264 Evolutionary Biology, 267 Extrachromosomal Inheritance, 274 F Forensic Genetics, 279 Fragile X Syndrome, 282 G Gel Electrophoresis, 285 Gender Identity, 287 Gene Families, 289 Gene Regulation: Bacteria, 291 Gene Regulation: Eukaryotes, 295 Gene Regulation: Lac Operon, 298 Gene Regulation: Viruses, 301 Gene Therapy, 304 Gene Therapy: Ethical and Economic Issues, 309 Genetic Code, 313 Genetic Code, Cracking of, 319 Genetic Counseling, 321 Genetic Engineering, 326 Genetic Engineering: Agricultural Applications, 332 Genetic Engineering: Historical Development, 335 new sidebar Genetic Engineering: Industrial Applications, 339 Genetic Engineering: Medical Applications, 343 Genetic Engineering: Risks, 347 Genetic Engineering: Social and Ethical Issues, 351 Genetic Load, 354 Genetic Screening, 357 Genetic Testing, 360 Genetic Testing: Ethical and Economic Issues, 364 Genetically Modified (GM) Foods, 366 Genetics, Historical Development of, 370 Genetics in Television and Films, 376 Genome Size, 378 Genomic Libraries, 380 Genomics, 384 replaced/new sidebar H Hardy-Weinberg Law, 389 Heart Disease, 392 Hemophilia, 396 Hereditary Diseases, 399 Heredity and Environment, 406 Hermaphrodites, 411 High-Yield Crops, 413 Homeotic Genes, 416 Homosexuality, 419 Human Genetics, 421 Human Genome Project, 428 Human Growth Hormone, 432 Huntington's Disease, 434 Hybridization and Introgression, 437 Hybridomas and Monoclonal Antibodies, 441 Hypercholesterolemia, 445 I Icelandic Genetic Database, 447 Immunogenetics, 449 In Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer, 454 Inborn Errors of Metabolism, 458 Inbreeding and Assortative Mating, 461 Incomplete Dominance, 465 Infertility, 468 Insurance, 471 Intelligence, 474 J K Klinefelter Syndrome, 479 Knockout Genetics and Knockout Mice, 481 L Lactose Intolerance, 484 Lamarckianism, 485 Lateral Gene Transfer, 489 Linkage Maps, 491 M Mendelian Genetics, 494 Metafemales, 499 Miscegenation and Antimiscegenation Laws, 501 Mitochondrial Diseases, 503 Mitochondrial Genes, 505 Mitosis and Meiosis, 509 Model Organism: Arabidopsis thaliana, 513 Model Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans, 516 Model Organism: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, 520 Model Organism: Drosophila melanogaster, 522 Model Organism: Escherichia coli, 527 Model Organism: Mus musculus, 533 Model Organism: Neurospora crassa, 536 Model Organism: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 539 Model Organism: Xenopus laevis, 542 Model Organisms, 545 Molecular Clock Hypothesis, 547 Molecular Genetics, 549 Monohybrid Inheritance, 555 Multiple Alleles, 559 Mutation and Mutagenesis, 561 N Natural Selection, 568 Neural Tube Defects, 572 Noncoding RNA Molecules, 575 Nondisjunction and Aneuploidy, 579 O Oncogenes, 583 One Gene-One Enzyme Hypothesis, 586 Organ Transplants and HLA Genes, 588 P Parthenogenesis, 592 Patents on Life-Forms, 594 Paternity Tests, 596 Pedigree Analysis, 599 Penetrance, 602 Phenylketonuria (PKU), 604 Plasmids, 606 Polygenic Inheritance, 609 Polymerase Chain Reaction, 611 Polyploidy, 613 Population Genetics, 617 Prader-Willi and Angelman Syndromes, 623 Prenatal Diagnosis, 626 Prion Diseases: Kuru and Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome, 631 Protein Structure, 634 Protein Synthesis, 638 Proteomics, 643 Pseudogenes, 646 Pseudohermaphrodites, 648 Punctuated Equilibrium, 650 Q Quantitative Inheritance, 654 R Race, 658 Repetitive DNA, 664 Restriction Enzymes, 667 Reverse Transcriptase, 670 RFLP Analysis, 672 RNA Isolation, 674 RNA Structure and Function, 676 RNA Transcription and mRNA Processing, 681 RNA World, 686 S Shotgun Cloning, 691 Sickle-Cell Disease, 692 Signal Transduction, 696 Smallpox, 700 Sociobiology, 704 Speciation, 708 Stem Cells, 710 Sterilization Laws, 715 Steroid Hormones, 717 Swine Flu, 720 Synthetic Antibodies, 723 Synthetic Genes, 725 T Tay-Sachs Disease, 727 Telomeres, 728 Testicular Feminization Syndrome, 731 Thalidomide and Other Teratogens, 733 Totipotency, 736 Transgenic Organisms, 739 Transposable Elements, 742 Tumor-Suppressor Genes, 746 Turner Syndrome, 748 Twin Studies, 750 U V Viral Genetics, 754 Viroids and Virusoids, 756 W X X Chromosome Inactivation, 759 Xenotransplants, 761 XYY Syndrome, 764 Appendices Biographical Dictionary of Important Geneticists, 767 expanded Nobel Prizes for Discoveries in Genetics, 780 Time Line of Major Developments in Genetics, 784 updated Glossary, 804 updated Bibliography, 832 updated Web Sites, 859 Indexes Category Index, III Personages Index, VII Subject Index, XI Y Z |
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