To view a list of all Critical Insights: AUTHORS titles, click Authors. To view a list of all Critical Insights: WORKS titles, click Works. 1 Volume; 320 Pages General Bibliography Chronology of Author's Life Complete List of Author's Works Publication dates of Works Detailed Bio of the Editor General Subject Index Article Other Elements Table of Contents SALEM LITERATURE To discover more about the Salem Literature online database, click here.

Editor: Brenda Murphy,     Board of Trustees Distinguished Professor     of English at the University of Connecticut ISBN: 978-1-58765-628-6 List Price: $85 October 2009 · 1 volume · 320 pages · 6"x9" Combines Print & Online Access Critical Insights: Table of Contents Combined contents from the first 20 volumes DEATH OF A SALESMAN, by Arthur Miller About This Volume, by Brenda Murphy The Play and Author On Death of a Salesman, by Brenda Murphy Biography of Arthur Miller, by Carl Rollyson The Paris Review Perspective, by Elizabeth Gumport Critical Contexts "The Jungle Is Dark and Full of Diamonds": Natural Value and the Logic of Naturalism in Death of a Salesman, by Jon Dietrick Salesman and the 1930's Theatres of Social Protest, by Joshua E. Polster King Lear, King Oedipus, and Willy Loman: Tragic Strategies in Death of a Salesman, by Neil Heims Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman: History of Criticism, by Amy Sickels Critical Readings Focus on Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman: The Wrong Dreams, by Chester E. Eisinger Family Dreams in Death of a Salesman, by Irving Jacobson Women and the American Dream of Death of a Salesman, by Kay Stanton "What's the Secret?": Willy Loman as Desiring Machine, by Granger Babcock Shame, Guilt, Empathy, and the Search for Identity in Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman, by Fred Ribkoff The Ironic Hercules Reference in Death of a Salesman, by Terry W. Thompson Masculine and Feminine in Death of a Salesman, by Heather Cook Callow The Psychological Politics of the American Dream: Death of a Salesman and the Case for an Existential Dialectics, by Lois Tyson Death of a Salesman and the Poetics of Arthur Miller, by Matthew C. Roudané `Death of a Salesman', by Christopher Bigsby Resources Chronology of Arthur Miller's Life Works by Arthur Miller Bibliography About the Editor About The Paris Review Contributors Acknowledgments Index DRACULA, by Bram Stoker About This Volume, by Jack Lynch The Book and Author On Dracula, by Jack Lynch Biography of Bram Stoker, by Richard Means The Paris Review Perspective, by Juliet Lapidos Critical Contexts Stoker's Dracula and the Vampire's Literary History, by Bridget M. Marshall A Look at the Critical Reception of Dracula, by Camille-Yvette Welsch Dracula and Victorian Anxieties, by Matthew J. Bolton Modernity and Anxiety in Bram Stoker's Dracula, by Allan Johnson Critical Readings Recreating the World: The Sacred and the Profane in Bram Stoker's Dracula, by Beth E. McDonald Edwards Dracula's Earnestness: Stoker's Debt to Wilde, by Samuel Lyndon Gladden Dracula: Righting Old Wrongs and Displacing New Fears, by Jimmie E. Cain, Jr. Vampires, Mummies, and Liberals: Questions of Character and Modernity, by David Glover Feminism, Fiction, and the Utopian Promise of Dracula, by Nancy Armstrong Racialization, Capitalism, and Aesthetics in Stoker's Dracula, by Patricia McKee Resources Chronology of Bram Stoker's Life Works by Bram Stoker Bibliography About the Editor About The Paris Review Contributors Acknowledgments Index GREAT EXPECTATIONS, by Charles Dickens About This Volume, by Eugene Goodheart The Book and Author On Great Expectations, by Eugene Goodheart Biography of Charles Dickens, by Charles E. May The Paris Review Perspective, by Elizabeth Gumport Critical Contexts Great Expectations in Context, by Gurdip Panesar The Critical Reception of Great Expectations, by Shanyn Fiske From Sham to "Gentle Christian Man" in Great Expectations, by Mary Ann Tobin Critical Readings Stories Present and Absent in Great Expectations, by Eiichi Hara Repetition, Repression, and Return: Great Expectations and the Study of Plot, by Peter Brooks Realism as Self-Forgetfulness: Gender, Ethics, and Great Expectations, by Caroline Levine From Magwitch to Miss Havisham: Narrative Interaction and Mythic Structure in Charles Dickens's Great Expectations, by Calum Kerr A Second Level of Symbolism in Great Expectations, by Elizabeth MacAndrew Christian Allusion, Comedic Structure, and the Metaphor of Baptism in Great Expectations, by John Cunningham Memory and Confession in Great Expectations, by Samuel Sipe Manual Conduct in Great Expectations, by William A. Cohen Gender and Class in Dickens: Making Connections, by Peter Scheckner Resources Chronology of Charles Dickens's Life Works by Charles Dickens Bibliography About the Editor About The Paris Review Contributors Acknowledgments Index THE GREAT GATSBY, by F. Scott Fitzgerald About This Volume, by Morris Dickstein The Book and Author On The Great Gatsby, by Morris Dickstein Biography of F. Scott Fitzgerald, by Michael Adams The Paris Review Perspective, by Jascha Hoffman Critical Contexts Gatsby in Context, by Jennifer Banach Palladino The Critical Reception of The Great Gatsby, by Amy M. Green "The Self-Same Song that Found a Path": Keats and The Great Gatsby, by Dan McCall Paradox, Ambiguity, and the Challenge to Judgment in The Great Gatsby and Daisy Miller, by Neil Heims Babbled Slander Where the Paler Shades Dwell: Reading Race in The Great Gatsby and Passing, by Charles Lewis Introduction to The Great Gatsby, by Ruth Prigozy The Great Gatsby: Fitzgerald's Opulent Synthesis (1925), by Robert Roulston and Helen H. Roulston The Craft of Revision: The Great Gatsby, by Kenneth E. Eble Critical Readings "A World Complete In Itself": Gatsby's Elegiac Narration, by Dan Coleman "A Fragment of Lost Words:" Narrative Ellipses in The Great Gatsby, by Matthew J. Bolton The Great Gatsby and The Obscene Word, by Barbara Will Photography and The Great Gatsby, by Lawrence Jay Dessner Color-Symbolism in The Great Gatsby, by Daniel J. Schneider "Herstory" and Daisy Buchanan, by Leland S. Person, Jr. Resources Chronology of F. Scott Fitzgerald's Life Works by F. Scott Fitzgerald Bibliography About the Editor About The Paris Review Contributors Acknowledgments Index THE HANDMAID'S TALE, by Margaret Atwood About This Volume, by J. Brooks Bouson The Book and Author On The Handmaid's Tale, by J. Brooks Bouson Biography of Margaret Atwood, by Karen Carmean, Karen F. Stein, and Earl G. Ingersoll The Paris Review Perspective, by Jascha Hoffman Critical Contexts Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale (1985): Cultural and Historical Context, by Lisa Jadwin Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale: Critical Reception, by Dominick Grace "This Is the Way the World Ends": Margaret Atwood and the Dystopian Impulse, by Matthew Bolton Feminism and The Handmaid's Tale, by Jennifer E. Dunn Critical Readings The Handmaid's Tale, by Coral Ann Howells "Trust Me": Reading the Romance Plot in Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale, by Madonne Miner "Just a Backlash": Margaret Atwood, Feminism, and The Handmaid's Tale, by Shirley Neuman Alice in Disneyland: Criticism as Commodity in The Handmaid's Tale, by Chinmoy Banerjee Selves, Survival, and Resistance in The Handmaid's Tale, by Elisabeth Hansot "We Lived in the Blank White Spaces": Rewriting the Paradigm of Denial in Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale, by Danita J. Dodson Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale: Resistance Through Narrating, by Hilde Staels A Body in Fragments: Life Before Man and The Handmaid's Tale, by Eleonora Rao Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale: Scheherazade in Dystopia, by Karen F. Stein The Handmaid's Tale as Scrabble Game, by Joseph Andriano Resources Chronology of Margaret Atwood's Life Works by Margaret Atwood Bibliography About the Editor About The Paris Review Contributors Acknowledgments Index I KNOW WHY THE CAGED BIRD SINGS, by Maya Angelou About This Volume, by Mildred R. Mickle The Book and Author On I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, by Mildred R. Mickle Biography of Maya Angelou, by Judith Barton Williamson The Paris Review Perspective, by Christopher Cox Critical Contexts I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings: African American Literary Tradition and the Civil Rights Era, by Amy Sickels The Critical Reception of I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, by Pamela Loos The Matter of Identity in Maya Angelou's I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings and James Baldwin's If Beale Street Could Talk, by Neil Heims "The Only Teacher I Remembered": Schools, Schooling, and Education in Maya Angelou's I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, by Robert C. Evans Critical Readings Death as Metaphor of Self in I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, by Liliane K. Arensberg Breaking the Silence: Symbolic Violence and the Teaching of Contemporary "Ethnic" Autobiography, by Martin A. Danahay Reembodying the Self: Representations of Rape in Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl and I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, by Mary Vermillion I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings: "Childhood Revisited", by Lyman B. Hagen Racial Protest, Identity, Words, and Form, by Pierre A. Walker "What You Looking at Me For? I Didn't Come to Stay": Displacement, Disruption, and Black Female Subjectivity in Maya Angelou's I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, by Yolanda M. Manora Role-Playing as Art in Maya Angelou's Caged Bird, by Myra K. McMurry Singin' de Blues, Writing Black Female Survival in I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, by Cherron A. Barnwell A Discursive Trifecta: Community, Education, and Language in I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, by Clarence Nero Maya Angelou's Caged Bird as Trauma Narrative, by Suzette A. Henke Resources Chronology of Maya Angelou's Life Works by Maya Angelou Bibliography About the Editor About The Paris Review Contributors Acknowledgments Index THE JOY LUCK CLUB, by Amy Tan About This Volume, by Robert C. Evans The Book and Author On The Joy Luck Club, by Robert C. Evans Biography of Amy Tan, by Joanne McCarthy The Paris Review Perspective, by Karl Taro Greenfeld Critical Contexts Amy Tan: A Look at the Critical Reception, by Camille-Yvette Welsch The Joy Luck Club: Cultural and Historical Contexts, by Robert C. Evans The Structure of The Joy Luck Club: Themes and Variations, by Doris L. Eder The Interplay of Unity and Diversity in The Joy Luck Club and The Hours, by Neil Heims Critical Readings Amy Tan: An Interview, by Barbara Somogyi and David Stanton Memory and the Ethnic Self: Reading Amy Tan's The Joy Luck Club, by Ben Xu "Only Two Kinds of Daughters": Inter-Monologue Dialogicity in The Joy Luck Club, by Stephen Souris Mothers and Daughters, by Esther Mikyung Ghymn Voice, Mind, Self: Mother-Daughter Relationships in Amy Tan's The Joy Luck Club and The Kitchen God's Wife, by M. Marie Booth Foster Feng Shui, Astrology, and the Five Elements: Traditional Chinese Belief in Amy Tan's The Joy Luck Club, by Patricia L. Hamilton "That Was China, That Was Their Fate": Ethnicity and Agency in The Joy Luck Club, by Patricia P. Chu Narrative Beginnings in Amy Tan's The Joy Luck Club: A Feminist Study, by Catherine Romagnolo The Joy Luck Club After Twenty Years: An Interview with Amy Tan, by Robert C. Evans Resources Chronology of Amy Tan's Life Works by Amy Tan Bibliography About the Editor About The Paris Review Contributors Acknowledgments Index A STREETCAR NAMED DESIRE, by Tennessee Williams About This Volume, by Brenda Murphy The Play and Author On A Streetcar Named Desire, by Brenda Murphy Biography of Tennessee Williams, by Robert J. Forman The Paris Review Perspective, by Catherine Steindler Critical Contexts World War II, Sex, and Displacement in A Streetcar Named Desire, by Camille-Yvette Welsch Uncommon Tragic Protagonists: Blanche DuBois and Willy Loman, by Kenneth Elliott A Room That I Thought Was Empty: The Representation of Repression in A Streetcar Named Desire, by Neil Heims A Streetcar Named Desire: A Consideration of Select Criticism, by Janyce Marson Critical Readings Desire, Death, and Laughter: Tragicomic Dramaturgy in A Streetcar Named Desire, by Verna Foster Tragedy as Habit: A Streetcar Named Desire, by Britton J. Harwood "Stanley Made Love to Her!—by Force!" Blanche and the Evolution of a Rape, by John S. Bak No Past to Think In: Who Wins in A Streetcar Named Desire?, by Dan Isaac Is There a Gay Man in This Text? Subverting the Closet in A Streetcar Named Desire, by Dean Shackelford A Streetcar Named Desire: Spatial Violation and Sexual Violence, by Anne Fleche The Artful Rerouting of A Streetcar Named Desire, by Linda Costanzo Cahir Stanley Kowalski's Not So Secret Sorrow: Queering, De-Queering, and Re-Queering A Streetcar Named Desire as Drama, Script, Film, and Opera, by Keith Dorwick "Tiger—Tiger!" Blanche's Rape on Screen, by Nancy M. Tischler Resources Chronology of Tennessee Williams's Life Works by Tennessee Williams Bibliography About the Editor About The Paris Review Contributors Acknowledgments Index THE TALES OF EDGAR ALLAN POE About This Volume, by Steven Frye The Tales and Their Author On Poe's Tales, by Steven Frye Biography of Edgar Allan Poe, by Charles E. May The Paris Review Perspective, by Nathaniel Rich Critical Contexts A Debt Owed, a Debt Paid: Poe's Literary Cultural Heritage, by Jeff Grieneisen and Courtney Ruffner Introduction to Poe Criticism, by Susan Amper "Hypocrite Lecteur": The Reader as Accomplice in Poe's Short Stories, by Matthew Bolton Edgar Allan Poe's Fantastic Short Stories, by Santiago Rodríguez Guerrero-Strachan Critical Readings Irresistible Impulses: Edgar Allan Poe and the Insanity Defense, by John Cleman The Limits of Reason: Poe's Deluded Detectives, by J. Gerald Kennedy What Happens in "The Fall of the House of Usher"?, by J. O. Bailey Poe and the Powers of the Mind, by Robert Shulman The Motive for Murder in "The Cask of Amontillado" by Edgar Allan Poe, by Elena V. Baraban The Problem of Realism in "The Gold Bug", by J. Woodrow Hassell, Jr. The Self-Consuming Narrator in Poe's "Ligeia" and "Usher", by Ronald Bieganowski Poe's Re-Vision: The Recovery of the Second Story, by Cynthia S. Jordan Absolute Poe: His System of Transcendental Racism, by Maurice S. Lee Resources Chronology of Edgar Allan Poe's Life Works by Edgar Allan Poe Bibliography About the Editor About The Paris Review Contributors Acknowledgments Index TO KILL A MOCKINGBIRD, by Harper Lee About This Volume, by Don Noble The Book and Author On To Kill a Mockingbird, by Don Noble Biography of Harper Lee, by Edythe M. McGovern The Paris Review Perspective, by Sasha Weiss Critical Contexts To Kill a Mockingbird: Successes and Myths, by Nancy Grisham Anderson Mockingbird in Context, by Gurdip Panesar "Were You Ever a Turtle?": To Kill a Mockingbird—Casting the Self as the Other, by Neil Heims To Kill a Mockingbird as an Introduction to Faulkner, by Matthew J. Bolton Critical Readings The Rise and Fall of Atticus Finch, by Christopher Metress Lawyers, Ethics, and To Kill a Mockingbird, by Tim Dare Growing Up Good in Maycomb, by Thomas L. Shaffer Atticus Finch and the Mad Dog: Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird, by Carolyn Jones The Margins of Maycomb: A Rereading of To Kill a Mockingbird, by Teresa Godwin Phelps "Fine Fancy Gentlemen" and "Yappy Folk": Contending Voices in To Kill a Mockingbird, by Theodor R. Hovet and Grace-Ann Hovet Telling It in Black and White: The Importance of the Africanist Presence in To Kill a Mockingbird, by Diann L. Baecker The Female Voice in To Kill a Mockingbird: Narrative Strategies in Film and Novel, by Dean Shackelford "When You Finally See Them": The Unconquered Eye in To Kill a Mockingbird, by Laurie Champion Harper Lee and the Destabilization of Heterosexuality, by Gary Richards Resources Chronology of Harper Lee's Life Works by Harper Lee Bibliography About the Editor About The Paris Review Contributors Acknowledgments Index JANE AUSTEN About This Volume, by Jack Lynch Career, Life, and Influence On Jane Austen, by Jack Lynch Biography of Jane Austen, by Rosemary M. Canfield Reisman The Paris Review Perspective, by Radhika Jones Critical Contexts Jane Austen: A Cultural and Historical Context, by Neil Heims Jane Austen: The Critical Reception, by Bonnie Blackwell Pride, Prejudice, and Persuasion: A Comparison of Two Novels by Jane Austen, by Dominick Grace Critical Readings Emma, by Bernard J. Paris Jane Austen and Female Reading, by Robert W. Uphaus Why There's No Sex in Jane Austen's Fiction, by Susan Morgan Liberty, Connection, and Tyranny: The Novels of Jane Austen and the Aesthetic Movement of the Picturesque, by Jill Heydt-Stevenson Of Woman Borne: Male Experience and Feminine Truth in Jane Austen's Novels, by Sarah R. Morrison Rank and Status, by Christopher Brooke Early Phase Versus Major Phase: The Changing Feelings of the Mind, by William Deresiewicz Conjecturing Possibilities: Reading and Misreading Texts in Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice, by Felicia Bonaparte Pride and Prejudice and the Beauty of Justice, by Sarah Emsley Resources Chronology of Jane Austen's Life Works by Jane Austen Bibliography About the Editor About The Paris Review Contributors Acknowledgments Index GWENDOLYN BROOKS About This Volume, by Mildred R. Mickle Career, Life, and Influence On Gwendolyn Brooks, by Mildred R. Mickle Biography of Gwendolyn Brooks, by Charles M. Israel and William T. Lawlor The Paris Review Perspective, by Jascha Hoffman Critical Contexts The Historical and Social Context of Gwendolyn Brooks's Poetry, by Kathy Rugoff The Critical Reception and Influence of Gwendolyn Brooks, by Martin Kich Gwendolyn Brooks and the Epic Tradition, by Matthew Bolton Close Reading as an Approach to Gwendolyn Brooks's "The Chicago Defender Sends a Man to Little Rock", by Robert C. Evans Critical Readings Sweet Bombs, by Danielle Chapman The Satisfactions of What's Difficult in Gwendolyn Brooks's Poetry, by Brooke Kenton Horvath Double Consciousness, Modernism, and Womanist Themes in Gwendolyn Brooks's "The Anniad", by A.Yemisi Jimoh Heralding the Clear Obscure: Gwendolyn Brooks and Apostrophe, by Lesley Wheeler Dialectics of Desire: War and the Resistive Voice in Gwendolyn Brooks's "Negro Hero" and "Gay Chaps at the Bar", by Ann Folwell Stanford "A Material Collapse That Is Construction": History and Counter-Memory in Gwendolyn Brooks's In the Mecca, by John Lowney A Prophet Overheard: A Juxtapositional Reading of Gwendolyn Brooks's "In the Mecca", by Sheila Hassell Hughes "My Newish Voice": Rethinking Black Power in Gwendolyn Brooks's Whirlwind, by Raymond Malewitz Signifying Afrika: Gwendolyn Brooks's Later Poetry, by Annette Debo Reflecting Violence in the Warpland: Gwendolyn Brooks's Riot, by Annette Debo Killing John Cabot and Publishing Black: Gwendolyn Brooks's Riot, by James D. Sullivan "The Kindergarten of New Consciousness": Gwendolyn Brooks and the Social Construction of Childhood, by Richard Flynn Resources Chronology of Gwendolyn Brooks's Life Works by Gwendolyn Brooks Bibliography About the Editor About The Paris Review Contributors Acknowledgments Index T. S. ELIOT About this Volume, by John Paul Riquelme Career, Life, and Influence On T. S. Eliot, by John Paul Riquelme Biography of T. S. Eliot, by R. Baird Shuman The Paris Review Perspective, by Gemma Sieff Critical Contexts Cultural Contexts, by Neil Heims Critical Reception and Influence, by John Paul Riquelme T. S. Eliot and Robert Browning's Dramatic Monologues, by Matthew J. Bolton Voices and Language in T. S. Eliot's The Waste Land, by Allan Johnson Critical Readings Eliot as Critic "Poetry as Poetry", by Louis Menand Eliot as Poet Playing at Relationship, by John T. Mayer "Prufrock," "Gerontion," and Fragmented Monologues, by John Paul Riquelme "Unknown terror and mystery": The Waste Land, by Ronald Bush `The World Within the World': Ash-Wednesday and the `Ariel Poems', by Nancy K. Gish The Soul's Mysterious Errand, by Lee Oser Eliot as Dramatist Fear in the Way: The Design of Eliot's Drama, by Michael Goldman Resources Chronology of T. S. Eliot's Life Works by T. S. Eliot Bibliography About the Editor About The Paris Review Contributors Acknowledgments Index BENJAMIN FRANKLIN About this Volume, by Jack Lynch Career, Life, and Influence On Benjamin Franklin, by Jack Lynch Biography of Benjamin Franklin, by Clark Davis The Paris Review Perspective, by Bradley Bazzle Critical Contexts Benjamin Franklin: A Cultural Context, by Neil Heims Benjamin Franklin: The Critical Reception, by Gurdip Panesar Franklin as Father: Didactic Discourse in The Autobiography, by Maura Grace Harrington Ben Franklin and the Lost Generation: The Self-Made Man in Fitzgerald, Hemingway, and Wright, by Matthew Bolton Critical Readings Medical Electricity and Madness in the Eighteenth Century: The Legacies of Benjamin Franklin and Jan Ingenhousz, by Sherry Ann Beaudreau and Stanley Finger Franklin and the Revolutionary Body, by Betsy Erkkila Feeling or Fooling in Benjamin Franklin's "The Elysian Fields", by A. Owen Aldridge Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography and the Credibility of Personality, by Jennifer Jordan Baker Death Effects: Revisiting the Conceit of Franklin's Memoir, by Jennifer T. Kennedy Two Texts Told Twice: Poor Richard, Pastor Yorick, and the Case of the Word's Return, by Christina Lupton The Moral Reform of a Scurrilous Press, by Ralph Frasca Resources Chronology of Benjamin Franklin's Life Works by Benjamin Franklin Bibliography About the Editor About The Paris Review Contributors Acknowledgments Index ROBERT FROST About this Volume, by Morris Dickstein Career, Life, and Influence On Robert Frost, by Morris Dickstein Biography of Robert Frost, by James Norman O'Neill The Paris Review Perspective, by Elizabeth Gumport Critical Contexts Robert Frost, T. S. Eliot, and Modernist Poetics, by Matthew J. Bolton Robert Frost: A Look at the Critical Reception, by Janyce Marson Technology, Labor, and the Sacred: the Cultural Context of Robert Frost, by Jamey Hecht The Paradoxes of Robert Frost: A Meditation on `Discordant Elements', by Anastasia Vahaviolos Valassis Critical Readings Frost's North of Boston, Its Language, Its People, and Its Poet, by David Sanders Robert Frost and the Politics of Labor, by Tyler B. Hoffman Robert Frost: The Walk as Parable, by Roger Gilbert Nature and Poetry, by Judith Oster The Resentments of Robert Frost, by Frank Lentricchia We Are Sick with Space, by Robert Bernard Hass The Need of Being Versed: Robert Frost and the Limits of Rhetoric, by Shira Wolosky National Forgetting and Remembering in the Poetry of Robert Frost, by Jeff Westover Robert Frost, by Denis Donoghue Resources Chronology of Robert Frost's Life Works by Robert Frost Bibliography About the Editor About The Paris Review Contributors Acknowledgments Index GABRIEL GARCÍA MÁRQUEZ About This Volume, by Ilan Stavans Career, Life, and Influence On Gabriel García Márquez, by Ilan Stavans Biography of Gabriel García Márquez, by Roy Arthur Swanson The Paris Review Perspective, by Caitlin Roper Critical Contexts Gabriel García Márquez: Cultural and Historical Contexts, by Amy Sickels The Master of Aracataca, by Ilan Stavans Remedios the Child Bride: The Forgotten Buendía, by Amy M. Green García Márquez's Investigation of Cold War Soviet Europe: Its Cervantine Invocation, by John Cussen Critical Readings The Master of Short Forms, by Gene H. Bell-Villada Magic Realism and García Márquez's Eréndira, by Moylan C. Mills and Enrique Grönlund "The Paralysis of the Instant": The Stagnation of History and the Stylistic Suspension of Time in Gabriel García Márquez's La hojarasca, by Deborah Cohn A "Gyrating Wheel", by Rosa Simas The Dark Side of Magical Realism: Science, Oppression, and Apocalypse in One Hundred Years of Solitude, by Brian Conniff Superstition, Irony, Themes, by Stephen M. Hart Intertextualities: Three Metamorphoses of Myth in The Autumn of the Patriarch, by Michael Palencia-Roth Biblical Justice and the Military Hero in Two Novels of Gabriel García Márquez, by Lourdes Elena Morales-Gudmundsson The Dangers of Gullible Reading: Narrative as Seduction in García Márquez's Love in the Time of Cholera, by M. Keith Booker Lessons from the Golden Age in Gabriel García Márquez's Living to Tell the Tale, by Efraín Kristal Resources Chronology of Gabriel García Márquez's Life Works by Gabriel García Márquez Bibliography About the Editor About The Paris Review Contributors Acknowledgments Index NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE About this Volume, by Jack Lynch Career, Life, and Influence On Nathaniel Hawthorne, by Jack Lynch Biography of Nathaniel Hawthorne, by Frank Day The Paris Review Perspective, by Elaine Blair Critical Contexts Nathaniel Hawthorne and the Canon of American Literature, by Bridget M. Marshall Nathaniel Hawthorne's Critical Reception, by Matthew Bolton The Burden of Secret Sin: Nathaniel Hawthorne's Fiction, by Margarita Georgieva Nathaniel Hawthorne and American Romanticism, by Jennifer Banach Palladino Critical Readings The Scarlet Letter, by Hugo McPherson Chiefly about Coverdale: The Blithedale Romance, by Clark Davis Re-figuring Revelations: Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter, by Evans Lansing Smith Hawthorne as Essayist: Our Old Home and "Chiefly About War Matters", by Thomas R. Moore "A Small Heap of Glittering Fragments": Hawthorne's Discontent with the Short Story Form, by Kathryn B. McKee Hawthorne and Nineteenth-Century Perfectionism, by Claudia D. Johnson Progress and Providence in The House of the Seven Gables, by John Gatta, Jr. Narrative Techniques and the Oral Tradition in The Scarlet Letter, by John G. Bayer Hawthorne and the Sublime, by Leo B. Levy Hawthorne, the Fall, and the Psychology of Maturity, by Melvin W. Askew Nathaniel Hawthorne and His Mother: A Biographical Speculation, by Nina Baym Agnostic Tensions in Hawthorne's Short Stories, by Bill Christophersen Resources Chronology of Nathaniel Hawthorne's Life Works by Nathaniel Hawthorne Bibliography About the Editor About The Paris Review Contributors Acknowledgments Index ERNEST HEMINGWAY About This Volume, by Eugene Goodheart Career, Life, and Influence On Ernest Hemingway, by Eugene Goodheart Biography of Ernest Hemingway, by R. Baird Shuman The Paris Review Perspective, by Petrina Crockford Critical Contexts Ernest Hemingway: A Cultural and Historical Context, by Jennifer Banach Palladino In His Time (and Later): Ernest Hemingway's Critical Reputation, by Robert C. Evans Toward a Definition of the Hemingwayesque and the Faulknerian, by Matthew Bolton Critical Readings The First Forty-five Stories, by Carlos Baker The Personal Stories: Paris and Provence, 1926-1927, by Hilary K. Justice Recurrence in Hemingway and Cézanne, by Ron Berman The Scapegoat, the Bankrupt, and the Bullfighter: Shadows of a Lost Man in The Sun Also Rises, by Neil Heims "Sign the Wire with Love": The Morality of Surplus in The Sun Also Rises, by George Cheatham Frederic Henry's Escape and the Pose of Passivity, by Scott Donaldson Three Wounded Warriors, by Mark Spilka Invalid Masculinity: Silence, Hospitals, and Anesthesia in A Farewell to Arms, by Diane Price Herndl "Everything Completely Knit Up": Seeing For Whom the Bell Tolls Whole, by A. Robert Lee Cultural Imperialism, Afro-Cuban Religion, and Santiago's Failure in Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea, by Philip Melling The Importance of Being Ernest, by Louis A. Renza Resources Chronology of Ernest Hemingway's Life Works by Ernest Hemingway Bibliography About the Editor About The Paris Review Contributors Acknowledgments Index BARBARA KINGSOLVER About this Volume, by Thomas Austenfeld Career, Life, and Influence On Barbara Kingsolver, by Thomas Austenfeld Biography of Barbara Kingsolver, by Marilyn Kongslie and Karen L. Arnold The Paris Review Perspective, by Katherine Ryder Critical Contexts The Political Is Personal: Sociocultural Realities and the Writings of Barbara Kingsolver, by John Nizalowski Barbara Kingsolver and the Critics, by Rosemary Canfield Reisman The Gothic and the Ethnic in Barbara Kingsolver's The Bean Trees, by Matthew Bolton Cultivating our Bioregional Roots: An Ecofeminist Exploration of Barbara Kingsolver's Prodigal Summer, by Christine M. Battista Critical Readings Gardens of Auto Parts: Kingsolver's Merger of American Western Myth and Native American Myth in The Bean Trees, by Catherine Himmelwright The Loner and the Matriarchal Community in Barbara Kingsolver's The Bean Trees and Pigs in Heaven, by Loretta Martin Murrey Trauma and Memory in Kingsolver's Animal Dreams, by Sheryl Stevenson Exploring the Matrix of Identity in Barbara Kingsolver's Animal Dreams, by Lee Ann De Reus Luna Moths, Coyotes, Sugar Skulls: The Fiction of Barbara Kingsolver, by Amanda Cockrell The Missionary Position: Barbara Kingsolver's The Poisonwood Bible, by Elaine R. Ognibene The Neodomestic American Novel: The Politics of Home in Barbara Kingsolver's The Poisonwood Bible, by Kristin J. Jacobson The Revelatory Narrative Circle in Barbara Kingsolver's The Poisonwood Bible, by Anne Marie Austenfeld Barbara Kingsolver and Keri Hulme: Disability, Family, and Culture, by Stephen D. Fox The Southern Family Farm as Endangered Species: Possibilities for Survival in Barbara Kingsolver's Prodigal Summer, by Suzanne W. Jones Resources Chronology of Barbara Kingsolver's Life Works by Barbara Kingsolver Bibliography About the Editor About The Paris Review Contributors Acknowledgments Index TONI MORRISON About This Volume, by Solomon O. Iyasere and Marla W. Iyasere Career, Life, and Influence On Toni Morrison, by Solomon O. Iyasere and Marla W. Iyasere Biography of Toni Morrison, by Kwame S. N. Dawes The Paris Review Perspective, by Sasha Weiss Critical Contexts Toni Morrison: Solo Flight Through Literature into History, by Trudier Harris A Context for Understanding Morrison's Work, by Susan R. Bowers The Critical Reception of Toni Morrison's Work, by Jennifer E. Dunn Critical Readings Morrison's Novels as Texts, Not Works, by Philip Page Song of Solomon, by Karen Carmean Crying, Dancing, Laughing: The Breaking and Reunification of Community in Beloved, by Amy M. Green Built on the Ashes: The Fall of the House of Sutpen and the Rise of the House of Sethe, by Michael Hogan Refiguring the Flesh: The Word, the Body, and the Rituals of Being in Beloved and Go Tell It on the Mountain, by Carol E. Henderson The Projection of the Beast: Subverting Mythologies in Toni Morrison's Jazz, by Darryl Dickson-Carr In Search of New Subjectivity: Identity in the Novels of Toni Morrison, by Rossitsa Terzieva-Artemis Prospero's Spell and the Question of Resistance: Tar Baby, by Gurleen Grewal Periodizing Toni Morrison's Work from The Bluest Eye to Jazz: The Importance of Tar Baby, by Malin Walther Pereira "I Been Worried Sick About You Too, Macon": Toni Morrison, the South, and the Oral Tradition, by Yvonne Atkinson and Philip Page "Killing the White Girl First": Understanding the Politics of Black Manhood in Toni Morrison's Paradise, by David Ikard A Laying on of Hands: Toni Morrison and the Materiality of Love, by Anissa Janine Wardi Resources Chronology of Toni Morrison's Life Works by Toni Morrison Bibliography About the Editors About The Paris Review Contributors Acknowledgments Index

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