Salem Press

American Heroes
Table of Contents

Publisher's Note
List of Contributors
Complete List of Contents
Pronunciation Guide

A
Hank Aaron (baseball player)
Ralph Abernathy (civil rights leader)
Abigail Adams (educator, writer, and feminist)
John Adams (president of the United States)
Samuel Adams (politician and Revolutionary War hero)
Jane Addams (social reformer and educator)
Muhammad Ali (boxer)
Susan B. Anthony (feminist and social reformer)
Neil Armstrong (test pilot and astronaut)

B
Robert D. Ballard (undersea explorer)
Benjamin Banneker (mathematician and astronomer)
Clara Barton (nursing pioneer)
Alexander Graham Bell (educator and inventor)
Mary Mcleod Bethune (educator and social reformer)
Black Hawk (Native American leader)
Daniel Boone (explorer and settler)
Omar Nelson Bradley (U.S. Army general and chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff)
Louis D. Brandeis (associate justice of the United States)
Joseph Brant (Mohawk chief and military leader)
William J. Brennan (associate justice of the United States)
John Brown (militant abolitionist)
Olympia Brown (cleric and social reformer)
Ralph Bunche (diplomat)
Richard Byrd (aviator and explorer)

C
Frances Xavier Cabrini (religious leader)
Rachel Carson (biologist and writer)
George Washington Carver (botanist and agriculturalist)
Mary Ann Shadd Cary (abolitionist and journalist)
Carrie Chapman Catt (social reformer and feminist)
Wilt Chamberlain (basketball player)
César Chávez (labor leader and social reformer)
Shirley Chisholm (U.S. congresswoman and social activist)
Ty Cobb (baseball player)
Bessie Coleman (aviator)
Bill Cosby (entertainer and actor)
Crazy Horse (Native American war leader)
David Crockett (frontiersman and politician)
Walter Cronkite (broadcast journalist)

D
Clarence Darrow (attorney)
Dorothy Day (social reformer and journalist)
Eugene V. Debs (labor leader and social reformer)
Stephen Decatur (naval commander)
Jack Dempsey (boxer)
Joe DiMaggio (baseball player)
Walt Disney (businessman and film producer)
Dorothea Dix (educator and social reformer)
Jimmy Doolittle (aviator)
Helen Gahagan Douglas (U.S. congresswoman and social reformer)
William O. Douglas (associate justice of the United States)
Frederick Douglass (abolitionist, journalist, and social reformer)
W. E. B. Du Bois (educator and civil rights leader)

E
Amelia Earhart (aviator)
Mary Baker Eddy (religious leader)
Marian Wright Edelman (attorney and social reformer)
Thomas Alva Edison (inventor)
Albert Einstein (physicist)
Dwight D. Eisenhower (president of the United States)
Chris Evert (tennis player)

F
Louis Farrakhan (minister and civil rights activist)
Betty Ford (First Lady of the United States)
Benjamin Franklin (statesman, scientist, and philosopher)
John C. Frémont (explorer and military commander)
Betty Friedan (writer and feminist)

G
William Lloyd Garrison (journalist and abolitionist)
Marcus Garvey (jamaican civil rights leader)
Bill Gates (computer developer, entrepreneur, and philanthropist)
Lou Gehrig (baseball player)
Geronimo (Native American leader)
Althea Gibson (tennis player)
John Glenn (astronaut and U.S. senator)
Emma Goldman (social reformer)
Al Gore (vice president of the United States)
William Crawford Gorgas (physician)
Billy Graham (evangelist)
Nathanael Greene (military leader)
Wayne Gretzky (hockey player)

H
Mary A. Hallaren (military leader)
William F. Halsey (aviator and naval officer)
Fannie Lou Hamer (civil rights activist)
Learned Hand (jurist)
Barbara Harris (religious leader)
Ernest Hemingway (novelist)
Patrick Henry (attorney and politician)
Katharine Hepburn (actor)
Aileen Clarke Hernandez (civil rights and feminist leader)
Wild Bill Hickok (frontier lawman)
Oveta Culp Hobby (military leader and U.S. cabinet member)
Bob Hope (entertainer, actor, and humanitarian)
Grace Murray Hopper (Navy admiral and computer scientist)
Sam Houston (military leader and politician)
Samuel Gridley Howe (educator and social reformer)
Dolores Huerta (labor leader)
Charles Evans Hughes (chief justice of the United States)
Cordell Hull (U.S. senator and secretary of state)

J
Andrew Jackson (president of the United States)
Jesse Jackson (civil rights leader)
Stonewall Jackson (military leader)
Thomas Jefferson (president of the United States)
Steve Jobs (computer developer and entrepreneur)
Bobby Jones (golfer and businessman)
John Paul Jones (admiral and military leader)
Mother Jones (labor organizer)
Barbara Jordan (U.S. congresswoman)
Michael Jordan (basketball player)
Chief Joseph (Native American leader)

K
Kamehameha I (king of the Hawaiian Islands)
Helen Keller (social reformer and writer)
John F. Kennedy (president of the United States)
Robert F. Kennedy (U.S. attorney-general and senator)
Billie Jean King (tennis player)
Martin Luther King, Jr. (civil rights leader)

L
Robert M. La Follette (governor of Wisconsin and U.S. senator)
Robert E. Lee (military leader)
John L. Lewis (labor leader)
Meriwether Lewis and William Clark (explorers)
Liliuokalani (queen of Hawaii)
Abraham Lincoln (president of the United States)
Charles A. Lindbergh (aviator)
Belva A. Lockwood (lawyer and social reformer)
Henry Cabot Lodge (U.S. congressman and senator)
Huey Long (governor of Louisiana and senator)
Joe Louis (boxer)
Juliette Gordon Low (Girl Scouts founder)
Shannon W. Lucid (astronaut)

M
Douglas MacArthur (military leader)
Dolley Madison (First Lady of the United States)
James Madison (president of the United States)
Malcolm X (religious and political leader)
Wilma Mankiller (chief of the Cherokee Nation)
Rocky Marciano (boxer)
George C. Marshall (U.S. secretary of state)
John Marshall (chief justice of the United States)
Thurgood Marshall (associate justice of the United States)
Golda Meir (prime minister of Israel)
Thomas Merton (monk and philosopher)
John R. Mott (ecumenical movement leader)
John Muir (naturalist and conservationist)
Edward R. Murrow (broadcast journalist)

N
Ralph Nader (attorney, consumer advocate, and politician)
Carry Nation (social reformer)
Martina Navratilova (tennis player)
Jack Nicklaus (golfer)
Chester W. Nimitz (military leader)

O
Sandra Day O'Connor (U.S. Supreme Court justice)
Osceola (Native American leader)
Jesse Owens (Olympic athlete)

P
Thomas Paine (political philosopher)
Rosa Parks (civil rights activist)
George S. Patton (military leader)
Alice Paul (suffragist)
Robert Edwin Peary (explorer)
John J. Pershing (military leader)
Colin Powell (U.S. secretary of state)

R
A. Philip Randolph (labor leader)
Jeannette Rankin (U.S. congresswoman and social reformer)
Red Cloud (Native American leader)
Walter Reed (physician)
Paul Revere (revolutionary War hero)
Sally Ride (astronaut)
Paul Robeson (athlete, actor, and activist)
Jackie Robinson (baseball player)
John D. Rockefeller (industrialist and philanthropist)
Knute Rockne (football coach)
Eleanor Roosevelt (First Lady of the United States)
Franklin D. Roosevelt (president of the United States)
Theodore Roosevelt (president of the United States)
John Ross (Native American leader)
Bill Russell (basketball player)
Babe Ruth (baseball player)

S
Sacagawea (Native American explorer)
Jonas Salk (physician and immunologist)
Pete Sampras (tennis player)
Margaret Sanger (health educator)
Junípero Serra (Franciscan missionary)
Alan Shepard (astronaut)
William Tecumseh Sherman (military leader)
Sitting Bull (Native American leader)
Margaret Chase Smith (U.S. congresswoman and senator)
Elizabeth Cady Stanton (social reformer)
Adlai E. Stevenson (governor of Illinois and U.N. ambassador)
James Stewart (actor and bomber pilot)
Anne Sullivan (educator)

T
Ida Tarbell (journalist)
Zachary Taylor (president of the United States)
Tecumseh (Native American leader)
Norman Thomas (political reformer)
Jim Thorpe (Olympic athlete)
Sojourner Truth (social reformer)
Harriet Tubman (social reformer)
Nat Turner (slave rebellion leader)

W
Earl Warren (chief justice of the United States)
Booker T. Washington (educator)
George Washington (president of the United States)
John Wayne (actor)
Ida B. Wells-Barnett (civil rights activist)
Elie Wiesel (Holocaust survivor and peace activist)
Hazel Wightman (tennis player)
Oprah Winfrey (media celebrity, businesswoman, and philanthropist)
Tiger Woods (golfer)
Orville and Wilbur Wright (aviation pioneers)

Y
Chuck Yeager (test pilot)

Z
Babe Didrikson Zaharias (athlete)

Category Index
Ethnicity Index
Subject Index